Ishikawa Prefecture - Ishikawa

Japanese: 石川[県] - いしかわ

A prefecture facing the Sea of Japan in the northern part of the Chubu region. The prefectural capital is Kanazawa City. 4,186.09 ^km2 . 1,169,788 people (2010). [History] Formerly consisting of Kaga Province and Noto Province, it came into contact with Kinai via the Hokuriku Kaido road and was part of its cultural sphere, and was often a strategically important location. In the 16th century, it was ruled by the Ikko sect, and in the Edo period it was the territory of the Maeda clan with a stipend of 1 million koku. In 1871, it was divided into two prefectures, Kanazawa and Daishoji, and then became Kanazawa Prefecture, and in 1883 the current prefectural boundaries were finalized. [Nature] The southern half of the Kaga region consists of the Ryohaku Mountains, which continue to Mt. Hakusan in the east, and the Kanazawa Plain in the west. The coastline is monotonous and is lined with sand dunes. The northern half of the Noto region occupies most of the Noto Peninsula, and is divided into the gently undulating Oku-Noto Hills and the Hodatsu Hills, which form the prefectural border with Toyama, with the Ochigata lowlands between them. The coastline is a well-developed rocky coast, with Noto Island in Nanao Bay, and Shichijima and Hekurajima to the north of the peninsula. The region is in a climate on the Sea of Japan side, and belongs to a region with heavy snowfall. Snowfall is particularly heavy in the upper reaches of the Tedori River, but the temperature is higher than on the Pacific side of the same latitude due to the influence of the Tsushima Warm Current. [Industry] The population composition by industry is 3.9% primary, 29.6% secondary, and 65.4% tertiary (2005). Agriculture has generally declined, but the Kanazawa Plain has been known since the mid-Meiji period as one of the leading early-season rice producing areas in the country. Meanwhile, in the hilly Noto region, dendritic valleys have been converted into rice paddies, except for the Ochigata lowlands, and terraced rice fields such as Senmaida in Wajima City can be seen. Grapes and tobacco are grown on the sand dunes, and pears and apples are cultivated in the suburbs of Kanazawa City. Noto is a thriving fishing region, while forestry is centered on cedars and pines in the central Noto Hills and the Ryohaku Mountains. Kanazawa Prefecture is characterized by the coexistence of traditional and modern industries. It has been a major producer of silk since before the Meiji era, and together with Fukui Prefecture, it forms the silk and synthetic fiber textile region of Japan. Komatsu is particularly known for its rinzu textiles, which are used for high-quality Japanese clothing. Kanazawa City is also a major producer of fishing nets nationwide. Since the Meiji era, the production of weaving machines has flourished in Kanazawa City, and the proportion of machinery industry has increased, along with bulldozers in Komatsu City and bicycle parts in Kaga City. The prefecture's manufacturing shipment value was 2.347 trillion yen (2003), of which general machinery and electrical equipment accounted for about 40%. Other notables include metal foil in Kanazawa City, lacquerware in Wajima City and Yamanaka Town, Kutani ware centered in Terai Town (now Nomi City), and ceramics using diatomaceous earth in the Noto region. Hakusan National Park, Noto Peninsula Quasi-National Park, and Echizen Kaga Coast Quasi-National Park (part of Kaga City) are located in the region, and there are many tourist destinations such as the castle town of Kanazawa and the Kaga Onsen hot spring resorts of Yamanaka, Yamashiro, Katayamazu, and Awazu. [Transportation] The Hokuriku Main Line, IR Ishikawa Railway, National Route 8 (Hokuriku Kaido), and Hokuriku Expressway run almost parallel through the Kaga region. In the Noto region, the Nanao Line connects the Ochigata Trough, and the Noto Railway connects Nanao Bay and the Toyama Bay coast, and a road has been completed that circles the Noto coast, but traffic volume is low. There is an airport in Komatsu, which connects the region to Seoul, Shanghai, Sapporo, Sendai, Tokyo, Fukuoka, and other destinations. Noto Airport opened in July 2003, and the Hokuriku Shinkansen line crossed the Kurikara Pass and extended to Kanazawa in March 2015.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

中部地方北部の日本海に面する県。県庁所在地は金沢市。4186.09km²。116万9788人（2010）。〔沿革〕　かつての加賀国，能登国の２国に当たり，北陸街道により畿内と接触してその文化圏に属し，またしばしば戦略の要地となった。16世紀一向宗が支配，江戸時代は前田藩100万石の領土であった。1871年金沢・大聖寺２県に分かれ，次いで金沢県となり，1883年に至り現在の県域が確定した。〔自然〕　南半部の加賀地方は東部の白山に続く両白山地，西部の金沢平野からなり，海岸線は単調で砂丘が発達する。北半部の能登地方は能登半島の大部分を占め，起伏のゆるやかな奥能登丘陵と富山との県境をなす宝達丘陵に分かれ，その間に邑知(おうち)潟低地帯がある。海岸線は岩石海岸が発達，七尾湾に能登島，半島北方に七ッ島，舳倉(へくら)島が浮かぶ。日本海側気候で降水深雪地帯に属し，特に手取川上流は降雪が多いが，対馬暖流の影響で気温は同緯度の太平洋側より高い。〔産業〕　産業別人口構成は第１次3.9％，第２次29.6％，第３次65.4％（2005）。農業は全般的に後退しているが，金沢平野は明治中頃から全国でも有数の早場米産地として知られ，一方，丘陵の多い能登地方では，邑知潟低地帯以外は，樹枝状の谷が水田化され，輪島市の千枚田など棚田が見られる。砂丘ではブドウ，葉タバコを産し，金沢市近郊でナシ，リンゴが栽培される。漁業は能登地方が盛んで，林業は能登丘陵中部と両白山地の杉，松が中心。工業では伝統工業と近代工業が共存していることが特色である。明治以前からの絹織物の主産地で，福井県とともに日本の絹・合成繊維織物地域を形成している。特に小松の綸子(りんず)織物は高級和服用として知られる。また金沢市の漁網も全国的な主産地。明治以降，金沢市では織機の生産が盛んになり，小松市のブルドーザー，加賀市の自転車部品などとともに機械工業の比重が高くなっている。県の製造品出荷額は２兆3470億円（2003）うち一般機器，電気機器で約４割を占める。ほかに金沢市の金属箔(はく)，輪島市・山中町の漆器，寺井町（現・能美市）を中心とする九谷焼，能登地方のケイ藻土利用の窯業がある。白山国立公園，能登半島国定公園，越前加賀海岸国定公園（加賀市の一部）があり，城下町金沢や山中・山代・片山津・粟津の加賀温泉郷など観光地が多い。〔交通〕　北陸本線とIRいしかわ鉄道，国道８号線（北陸街道），北陸自動車道がほぼ並行して加賀地方を縦貫している。能登地方は邑知潟地溝帯に七尾線，七尾湾，富山湾岸にのと鉄道が通じ，能登海岸を一周する道路が完成しているが，交通量は少ない。小松に空港があり，ソウル，上海，札幌，仙台，東京，福岡などと結ばれる。2003年７月能登空港が開港，2015年３月には北陸新幹線が倶利伽羅峠を越えて金沢まで開業した。
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