The first strong southerly wind that blows between the beginning of spring and the vernal equinox. Usually, this wind is caused by low pressure in the Sea of Japan, and can cause accidents at sea, snowmelt floods, avalanches, and large fires due to the föhn phenomenon in areas along the Sea of Japan. The Japan Meteorological Agency defines this wind as (1) the period between the beginning of spring and the vernal equinox, (2) the presence of low pressure in the Sea of Japan, (3) a strong southerly wind (wind direction is east-southeast to west-southwest, with a wind speed of 8 m/s or more), and (4) a rise in temperature. It has been used for a long time in the Noto region of Ishikawa Prefecture and the Shima region of Mie Prefecture and various areas west of the area. In Gonoura Town, Nagasaki Prefecture, all 53 fishermen who went fishing off the coast of Goto, Nagasaki Prefecture on February 13, 1859 (March 17 in the Gregorian calendar) were lost at sea due to a strong spring gust. Since then, in the Motoi area of Gonoura, the strong southerly wind at the beginning of spring is said to have been called "Haruichi" or "Haruichiban." It became widely known in the early 1960s, and began to be published in the weather charts of general newspapers in 1963. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
その年の立春から春分までの間に最初に吹く強い南寄りの風のこと。通常は日本海で低気圧が発達することによって生じる風であるため,海難事故,融雪洪水,なだれ,日本海側の地方ではフェーン現象で大火などを引き起こすことがある。気象庁の定義は,(1) 立春から春分までの間であること,(2) 日本海に低気圧があること,(3) 強い南寄りの風(風向は東南東から西南西まで,風速 8m/s以上)が吹くこと,(4) 気温が上昇すること,である。石川県能登地方や三重県志摩地方から西の各地で昔から使われている。長崎県郷ノ浦町では安政6(1859)年2月13日(新暦 3月17日)に長崎県五島沖に出漁した漁師 53人全員が,春の強い突風で遭難した。これ以後,郷ノ浦の元居地区では,春の初めの強い南風を「春一」または「春一番」と呼ぶようになったといわれている。一般に広く普及したのは 1960年代前半で,1963年からは一般新聞紙面の天気図欄に掲載されるようになった。
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