True teachings of the Way of the Master

This book was written by Ando Shoeki (Kakuryudo Ryochu), a thinker from the mid-Edo period. It is a manuscript of five volumes and five books, and the date of its creation is unknown. However, in chapter 42 of volume 2, it is written again as "the year of the second year of the Horeki era, Jinyu" (1752. Jinyu is a mistake for Jinshin), which allows us to guess the time of writing. Based on Ando's unique theory of the unity of Qi and the theory of Yin-Yang and the five elements, the book asserts that nature is beginningless, endless, and indistinguishable, that man and the eternal cycle (heaven and earth) are one, that rice is the origin of all things, and criticizes class and status discrimination. Volume 1, "The Dissolution of the Holy One," criticizes established Chinese ideologies such as Confucianism, Laozi and Zhuangzi, and military ideology. Volume 2, "The Dissolution of the Buddhist One," criticizes Buddhism. Volume 3, "Humanity Volume," is a unique commentary on the human body and human ethics. Volume 4, "Birds and Beasts Volume," describes a unique view of plants, birds, animals, insects, and fish. Volume 5, "All Nations Volume," describes the various countries of the world and the excellence of Japan's natural features. This book has sometimes been considered an abridged version of the manuscript "Shizen Shin'ei-do," but while the characteristics of the writing are the same, there are differences in the conceptual structure and content, so it is considered to be an independent book. In 1925 (Taisho 14), Kano Kokichi, a thinker from the Meiji to Showa eras, obtained it from Bunkodo Bookstore in Tokyo, and Yoda Sosuke, a citizen of the city, saved it from the flames of war during World War II. It is currently in the possession of Keio University Library. As the paper is new, it may not be the original but a copy. A photocopy is in the possession of Kyoto University Library.

[Masahiko Miyake]

"Tōdō Shinden" Volumes 1 and 2 (Iwanami Bunko)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸中期の思想家安藤昌益(しょうえき)（確龍堂良中(かくりゅうどうりょうちゅう)）の著書。5巻5冊の原稿で、成立年代は不明。ただし、巻2の42章に再度「宝暦(ほうれき)二壬酉(じんゆう)年」（1752。壬酉は壬申(じんしん)の誤り）と記され、著述時代を推測させる。内容は、独自の気一元論、陰陽五行(いんようごぎょう)説に基づき、自然の無始無終性・無差別性、人と転定（天地）の合一性、米が万物の根源であることなどを主張し、階級的・身分的差別を批判している。巻1「糾聖失」は、儒教をはじめ老荘(ろうそう)、兵家(へいか)など中国の既成思想を批判。巻2「糾仏失」は仏教の批判。巻3「人倫巻」は人身、人倫の独自的解説。巻4「禽獣(きんじゅう)巻」は独自の草木、鳥獣虫魚観などを叙述。巻5「万国巻」は、世界諸国論、日本の風土的卓越性などを叙述。本書はこれまで稿本『自然真営道』の縮約版とみられたときもあったが、文章表現上の特徴は同じながらも、概念構成や内容上の異同があり、独立の別書と考えられる。1925年（大正14）に明治～昭和の思想家狩野亨吉(かのうこうきち)が東京の文行堂書店から入手し、一市井人依田壮介が第二次世界大戦の戦火から守り抜いた。現在は慶応義塾大学図書館所蔵。紙質が新しいので、原本でなく写本である可能性がある。影写本は京都大学図書館所蔵。

［三宅正彦］

『『統道真伝』上下（岩波文庫）』

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