A tax in kind imposed on non-Russian peoples who engaged in hunting in Imperial Russia. It began to be collected in the 15th and 16th centuries in the middle and lower Volga basin, and in Siberia in the 17th century. Yasak was paid in the form of furs such as ermine, fox, and beaver, and in some cases livestock, and paying it meant subservience to the state. In the middle and lower Volga basin, yasak was changed to a payment in gold from the 1720s, and in Siberia from 1822, and this system continued until 1917. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
帝政ロシアにおいて狩猟を営む非ロシア系民族に課せられた現物税。ボルガ川中・下流流域地方では15~16世紀から,シベリアでは17世紀から徴収が始められた。ヤサクは黒貂,狐,海狸(ビーバー)等の毛皮類や場合によっては家畜で納めるものであったが,その納付はすなわち国家への臣属を意味した。ボルガ川中・下流流域地方では1720年代から,シベリアでは1822年からヤサクは金納に改められ,1917年までその制度は存続した。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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