Mongolian Sumo - Mongolian Sumo

Japanese: モンゴル相撲 - モンゴルずもう
Mongolian Sumo - Mongolian Sumo
A traditional martial art practiced by people of Mongolian descent. The clothing and rules for wrestling vary depending on the region. There are three main lineages: (1) those from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China, (2) those from the Oirat region, and (3) those from the Khalkha region. (1) The clothing of the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region group includes a leather vest with studs and wide, loose-fitting trousers. If both palms touch the ground at the same time, you lose, and it is forbidden to grab anything below the waist with your hands. (2) The Oirat groups, who mainly live in the western part of Mongolia, are topless and wear only short trousers, and begin wrestling by grappling with each other, with the opponent's back pressed against the ground and held down for a certain period of time. (3) In sumo (Khalkha sumo) of the Khalkha people, who make up 70% of the population of Mongolia, the formal attire is a long-sleeved vest (zodog), short pants (shodag), boots (gotar), and a hat (janjin-margai). A leather strap is wrapped around the gotar to prevent slipping, and a ribbon called a zara is attached to the back of the janjin-margai, which indicates the number of championships won. There is no initial match, and the match begins with a grappling contest. Since there is no sumo ring, the players repeatedly launch and dodge attacks. Matches often last a long time, and in the finals, when the players are evenly matched, the match can last more than four hours. A player loses if his elbows, knees, or forehead touch the ground, but the palms can also touch the ground. There are said to be more than 400 techniques, including combination techniques, and the main techniques are throwing, lifting, and grabbing the opponent's feet. Since the rule allows the palms to touch the ground, techniques such as "grabbing the soles of the feet" and putting both hands on the ground and pinning the opponent's body with both feet to knock him down are unique to this Khalkha style of sumo. What is generally called Mongolian sumo is this Khalkha style of sumo. →Sumo

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
モンゴル系の人びとが行う伝統的な格闘技。地域によって相撲をとる時の服装やルールが異なる。大きく分けると三つの系譜がある。(1)中国内モンゴル自治区系,(2)オイラート系,(3)ハルハ系。(1)の内モンゴル自治区系の服装は,革製の鋲(びょう)付きベストと,幅の広いゆったりとしたズボンを身につけ,両方の掌(てのひら)が同時に地面につくと負けとなり,腰から下を手でつかまえることを禁じている。(2)のおもにモンゴル国の西部に住むオイラート系の諸集団では,上半身は裸で,短いズボンだけを身につけ,お互いに組み合った状態から相撲を始め,相手の背中を地面につけて一定時間押さえ込む。(3)のモンゴルの人口の70%を占めるハルハ系の人びとの相撲(ハルハ相撲)では,胸が大きく開いている長袖のベスト(ゾドグ)と短いパンツ(ショーダグ),それにブーツ(ゴタル)と帽子(ジャンジン・マルガイ)を身につけるのが盛装である。ゴタルには滑り止めの革紐(かわひも)を巻きつけ,ジャンジン・マルガイには後ろにザラーと呼ばれる優勝回数を表すリボンをつける。試合は,いわゆる立ち合いはなく,組み手の駆け引きから開始される。〈土俵〉はないので,技を仕掛けてはそれをかわすことを繰り返す。試合は長時間に及ぶことが多く,決勝戦などの力が伯仲した試合になると4時間を超えることもある。肘(ひじ),膝(ひざ),額が地面につくと負けとなり,掌は地面についてもよい。技は複合技などを含むと400以上あるといわれており,〈投げる〉〈持ち上げる〉〈足をとる〉などが主な技である。掌が地面についてもよいというルールがあるので,〈足の裏をとる〉という技や,両手を地面につけ,両足で相手のからだを挟みつけて倒すという技は,このハルハ系相撲独特のものである。一般にモンゴル相撲と呼んでいるのは,このハルハ系の相撲のことである。→相撲

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