Born: October 11, 1885, Bordeaux Died: September 1, 1970. Paris. French author. Raised in a Catholic family, he studied at the University of Bordeaux, then moved to Paris in 1906 and began his literary career. His collection of poems Les Mains jointes (1909) earned him the recognition of M. Barrès, but he turned to novels with L'Enfant chargé de chaînes (The Child in Chains) (13), and established his literary status with Le Baiser au lépreux (The Kiss of the Leper) (22). Taking as his subject the bourgeois families of his native Landes, his style sharply depicts human sin, producing profound masterpieces such as Le Désert de l'amour (25), Thérèse Desqueyroux (27), and Le Nœud de vipères (32). He was also active in politics, supporting the Spanish Republican Party and the Resistance movement, and published his critical essay Le Cahier noir (43) underground. He was called the conscience of the Catholic generation. His other works include the play Asmodée (37), the essay Le Romancier et ses personnages (33), Vie de Jésus (36), Journal (5 volumes, 34-50), and Mémoires intérieures (59, 65). He was a member of the Académie Française (33). He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1952. Mauriac |
[生]1885.10.11. ボルドー [没]1970.9.1. パリ フランスの作家。カトリックの家庭に育ち,ボルドー大学に学んだのち,1906年パリに出,文学活動を開始。詩集『合掌』 Les Mains jointes (1909) によって,M.バレスに認められたが,『鎖につながれた子供』L'Enfant chargé de chaînes (13) で小説に転じ,『癩者への接吻』 Le Baiser au lépreux (22) によって文壇的地位を確立。故郷ランド地方のブルジョア家庭に題材を取り,人間の罪を鋭く描き出す作風で,『愛の砂漠』 Le Désert de l'amour (25) ,『テレーズ・デスケイルー』 Thérèse Desqueyroux (27) ,『まむしのからみ合い』 Le Nœud de vipères (32) などの重厚な傑作を生んだ。また,スペイン共和派の支持,レジスタンス運動などで政治的にも活躍,評論『黒い手帖』 Le Cahier noir (43) を地下出版,カトリック世代の良心と呼ばれた。ほかに,戯曲『アスモデ』 Asmodée (37) ,評論『小説家と作中人物』 Le Romancier et ses personnages (33) ,『イエスの生涯』 Vie de Jésus (36) ,『日記』 Journal (5巻,34~50) ,『内面の記録』 Mémoires intérieures (59,65) などがある。アカデミー・フランセーズ会員 (33) 。 52年ノーベル文学賞受賞。 モーリヤック
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