Respiratory quotient

Japanese: 呼吸商 - こきゅうしょう(英語表記)respiratory quotient
Respiratory quotient

In living organisms, when nutrients are broken down to produce energy, this is the volume ratio of carbon dioxide emitted over a certain period of time to oxygen inhaled, CO 2 /O 2. This is commonly abbreviated as RQ and is also called the respiratory rate or respiratory coefficient. This value varies depending on the type of nutrients ingested. For example, in the complete combustion of carbohydrates, glucose is broken down into C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2
-> It is oxidized according to the chemical equation 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy.
RQ= 6CO2 / 6O2 =1
Proteins and fats require more oxygen than carbohydrates because the oxygen atom content in their molecules is lower, and therefore the RQ is 0.8 for proteins and 0.7 for lipids. However, the RQ of some organic acids is greater than 1. The normal RQ of the living body is less than 1, but during strenuous physical labor it exceeds 1. RQ is an important factor in nutritional physiology.

[Nobuyoshi Irie]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

生体において、栄養素が分解されてエネルギーを産生する際に、一定時間に排出された炭酸ガスと吸入した酸素の体積比CO2/O2のことで、一般にはRQと略称し、呼吸率、呼吸係数ともいう。この値は摂取する栄養素の種類によって異なり、たとえば炭水化物の完全燃焼では、ブドウ糖が
  C6H12O6+6O2
   ―→6CO2+6H2O+エネルギー
の化学方程式に従い酸化され、
  RQ=6CO2/6O2=1
となる。タンパク質、脂肪類は分子中の酸素原子含量が炭水化物より低いためにより多くの酸素を必要とし、したがってRQは、タンパク質では0.8、脂質では0.7である。しかし、ある種の有機酸のRQは1より大である。生体の通常のRQは1以下であるが、激しい肉体労働時には1を超える。RQは栄養生理学上、重要な係数である。

[入江伸吉]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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