Odor; stink

Japanese: 悪臭 - あくしゅう(英語表記)odor; stink
Odor; stink
Unpleasant odors. The Offensive Odor Control Law, enacted in 1971, regulates odorous substances emitted from factories and business establishments as a result of business activities, but all substances are unpleasant even in very small amounts. The law stipulates the permissible odor concentration limits for each odorous substance at the boundary of each business establishment, and sets the following concentrations for each odorous substance: ammonia (1-5 ppm), methyl mercaptan (0.002-0.01 ppm), hydrogen sulfide (0.02-0.2 ppm), methyl sulfide (0.01-0.2 ppm), methyl disulfide (0.009-0.1 ppm), trimethylamine (0.005-0.07 ppm), acetaldehyde (0.05-0.5 ppm), and styrene (0.4-2 ppm). Sources of odors include pulp manufacturing, oil refining, fish iliac bone processing, organic fertilizer manufacturing, livestock barns, and waste disposal businesses. In addition to using measuring instruments, the measurement method that has been put to practical use includes the triangular comparison odor bag method that utilizes the human sense of smell. There are several methods to remove odors, including combustion, adsorption, washing, oxidation, and masking. Generally, odors are washed and absorbed with water or chemicals, or adsorbed with activated carbon or zeolite. Hydrocarbons and the like are burned using a catalyst.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
不快な臭い。 1971年に公布された悪臭防止法では,工場・事業場から事業活動に伴って排出される悪臭物質を規制しているが,いずれの物質も,ごく微量で不快に感じる。同法では各事業場の敷地境界における悪臭濃度の許容限度を悪臭物質ごとに定めており,各濃度をアンモニア (1~5ppm) ,メチルメルカプタン (0.002~0.01ppm) ,硫化水素 (0.02~0.2ppm) ,硫化メチル (0.01~0.2ppm) ,二硫化メチル (0.009~0.1ppm) ,トリメチルアミン (0.005~0.07ppm) ,アセトアルデヒド (0.05~0.5ppm) ,スチレン (0.4~2ppm) と設定している。発生源としてはパルプ製造,石油精製,魚腸骨処理,有機肥料製造,畜舎,ごみ処理などの事業がある。測定法としては,測定器による測定のほか,人間の嗅覚を利用する三点比較式臭袋法などが実用化されている。悪臭を除くには,燃焼,吸着,洗浄,酸化,マスキングなどの方法があり,一般には水または薬液で洗浄吸収するか,活性炭,ゼオライトなどで吸着させる。炭化水素などは触媒を用いて燃焼させる。

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