Mokugenji - Mokugenji

Japanese: モクゲンジ - もくげんじ
Mokugenji - Mokugenji

A deciduous tall tree of the Sapindaceae family (APG classification: Sapindaceae). Also called Oomokugenji. It grows to a height of about 10 meters. The leaves are alternate and odd-pinnately compound. The leaflets are ovate with sharp tips and irregular, deeply incised sawtooth. In summer, panicles are formed at the ends of the branches, and many small yellow flowers bloom. There are five unequal-sized sepals, four petals, eight stamens, and one pistil. The capsule is triangular-ovate, 4-5 cm long, with a thin skin that splits into three pieces, and produces spherical, black, hard seeds about 7 mm in diameter. It grows wild in some parts of Japan, but it is thought that many of them are cultivated and have escaped. It is distributed on the Korean Peninsula and in northern and northeastern China. The name is said to have come from the mistaken use of the Chinese name for the plant Sapindus arbutifolia (another plant in the Sapindaceae family), which is Mokugenji, and the Japanese reading of Mokugenji. The seeds are used for prayer beads.

[Kyoshio Furusawa September 17, 2020]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ムクロジ科(APG分類:ムクロジ科)の落葉高木。オオモクゲンジともいう。高さ約10メートルに達する。葉は互生し、奇数羽状複葉。小葉は卵形で先はとがり、不ぞろいの深く切れ込む鋸歯(きょし)がある。夏、枝先に円錐(えんすい)花序をつくり、小さな黄色花を多数開く。萼片(がくへん)は5枚で大きさは不等、花弁は4枚、雄しべは8本、雌しべは1本。蒴果(さくか)は三角状卵形で長さ4~5センチメートル、果皮は薄く3片に裂け、球形で径約7ミリメートルの黒色で堅い種子を出す。日本の一部の地域に野生するが、多くは栽培されたものが逸出したと考えられる。朝鮮半島、中国北部および東北部に分布する。名は、ムクロジ(ムクロジ科の別植物)の中国名である木患子を誤ってモクゲンジにあてたため、木患子の日本語読みであるモクゲンジになったという。種子を数珠(じゅず)に使用する。

[古澤潔夫 2020年9月17日]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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