German architect. Born in Arenstein, East Prussia. Studied architecture at the Technical University in Berlin and Munich. His first work was a collection of sketches he had made during the war, titled "Architecture of Steel and Concrete," which he presented in Berlin in 1919. Among the works he produced was the Einstein Tower in Potsdam (1919-21), which was a rich expression of human will and expression, and he became a representative figure in expressionist architecture after World War I. In the late 1920s, he moved to rationalism, but still left behind the Schocken department stores in Stuttgart (1927) and Chemnitz (1928), which had strong expressionist influences. From 1933, he traveled to Belgium, England, and Palestine to escape Nazi oppression, and emigrated to the United States in 1941, obtaining American citizenship in 1948, and died in San Francisco. His American works include a series of Jewish churches with diverse designs. [Kenshiro Takami] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツ生まれの建築家。東プロイセンのアレンシュタイン生まれ。ベルリンとミュンヘンの工科大学で建築を学ぶ。彼の最初の作品は、戦時下に描きためられていたスケッチを『鋼とコンクリートの建築』として1919年にベルリンで発表した作品集で、そのなかで具体化されたものに、人間の意志と表情を豊かに示したポツダムのアインシュタイン塔(1919~21)があり、第一次世界大戦後の表現主義建築における代表者となった。20年代後半には合理主義に移行しながらも、なお表現主義的色彩の強いシュトゥットガルト(1927)およびケムニッツ(1928)のショッケン百貨店などを残した。33年からナチスの圧迫を避けてベルギー、イギリス、パレスチナを遍歴、41年アメリカに移住し、48年アメリカ国籍を得、サンフランシスコに没した。アメリカでの作品に、多様なデザインの一連のユダヤ教会がある。 [高見堅志郎] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
<<: Mendeleev (English spelling) Dmitriy Ivanovich Mendeleev
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