Danaid eggfly

Japanese: メスアカムラサキ - めすあかむらさき(英語表記)danaid eggfly
Danaid eggfly

This butterfly belongs to the family Nymphalidae, order Lepidoptera, class Insecta. It is widely distributed in Africa, the tropical and subtropical regions of the Orient, and from southern North America to South America, but it was introduced to the Americas from Africa as a second wave. In Japan, it is considered to be indigenous to the Ryukyu Islands, but individuals found in Kyushu and north from summer to autumn are due to migration from the south or a temporary outbreak resulting from that. In areas north of Kyushu, it cannot survive the winter due to the low temperatures. The wingspan is about 60 to 80 mm. The upper surface of the male's wings is black, and both the forewings and hindwings have circular white spots in the center, but the female is completely different, with the base color of the wings being orange and a white stripe crossing the black tip of the forewings. Among Japanese butterflies, this is a typical example of sexual heteromorphism, along with the black swallowtail. The female's colored markings are very similar to those of the poisonous Danadara fasciata, a member of the Danadidae family, and it is believed that this is a mimicry of the poisonous butterfly. They can be seen around the Ryukyu Islands throughout the year and are thought to occur continuously, but they are only found in mainland Japan from summer to autumn, when they also appear temporarily on the Japanese mainland, feeding on purslane (Portulacaceae). In the Ryukyu Islands and Taiwan, they have been found to feed on purslane, and in other countries, they have been recorded as eating other plants of the Amaranthaceae family.

[Takashi Shiramizu]

[Reference] | Nymphalidae
Major species of Nymphalidae (3) [Specimen photographs]
©Shogakukan ">

Major species of Nymphalidae (3) [Specimens...


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

昆虫綱鱗翅(りんし)目タテハチョウ科に属するチョウ。アフリカ、東洋の熱帯から亜熱帯、北アメリカ南部から南アメリカに広く分布するが、アメリカ大陸にはアフリカから二次的に入ったものである。日本では琉球(りゅうきゅう)諸島には土着しているものと認められるが、夏より秋にかけて九州以北で発見される個体は南方からの飛来、あるいはそれに基づく一時的発生によるものである。九州以北の地域では冬季の低温により越冬できない。はねの開張は60~80ミリ程度。雄のはねの表は黒色、前・後ろばねともに、その中央に円形白斑(はくはん)があるが、雌は雄とまったく異なり、はねの地色は橙(だいだい)色、前ばね先端の黒色部を横切る白帯がある。日本産のチョウではメスグロヒョウモンとともに雌雄異形の代表的な例である。雌の色彩斑紋は有毒とされるマダラチョウ科のカバマダラにたいへんよく似ており、それを擬態したものとされる。琉球諸島あたりでは年間にわたってみられ、連続的に発生するものと思われるが、日本本土で発見されるのは夏から秋にかけてで、この時期には日本本土でもスベリヒユ(スベリヒユ科)を食草として一時的に発生する。琉球諸島、台湾で判明した食草はスベリヒユ、外国ではそのほかヒユ科の植物を食べる記録もある。

[白水 隆]

[参照項目] | タテハチョウ
タテハチョウ科のおもな種類(3)〔標本写真〕
©Shogakukan">

タテハチョウ科のおもな種類(3)〔標本…


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