Born: April 21, 1864 in Erfurt
[Died] June 14, 1920, Munich German sociologist and economist. He studied at the University of Heidelberg and the University of Berlin, and after serving as an associate professor at the University of Berlin, he has served as a professor at the universities of Freiburg, Heidelberg, and Munich. His research fields are extremely diverse, and he has made outstanding and immortal achievements in each field. The leitmotif of his research was to clarify the universal significance of modern European rationalism, which has a unique cultural significance in world history, in a historical context, and thereby to critically elucidate its cultural significance in reality. What is important to note is that the base for presenting this far-reaching problem was set in the severe political situation in Germany during the collapse of the Bismarckian regime. His well-known methodological research is also deeply intertwined with the interests of building a "German national power state" and civicizing/nationalizing German capitalism. He is the author of numerous books, including Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft (1921-22), Die protestantische Ethik und der Geist des Capitalismus (04-05), and Abriß der unversalen Sozial und Wirtschaftsgeschichte (23), which are still highly influential today. He is also well known as the editor of the Archiv für Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik (Journal of Social Science and Social Policy), in which he published many of his own articles. Weber
Weber, Albrecht Friedrich Born: February 17, 1825 in Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland)
Died November 30, 1901. A German Indologist in Berlin. He excelled in Vedic studies, and developed a precise methodology for the study of Sanskrit texts. He produced a critical edition and translation of The White Yajurveda in three parts (1852-59), and published Die Taittirīya-Saṃhitā (71-72). He also compiled a Sanskrit bibliography for the Royal Library of Berlin (53-92). He also produced outstanding works in the study of Jainism, and many brilliant scholars, including Jacobi and Reumann, became his students. His major works include Indische Studien (18 volumes, 50-98) and The History of Indian Literature. Weber
Weber, Wilhelm Eduard Born: October 24, 1804, Wittenberg
Died June 24, 1891. Göttingen. German physicist. His elder brothers Ernst and Eduard were both distinguished anatomists and physiologists. After graduating from the University of Halle, he became an assistant professor there (1828) and then a professor at the University of Göttingen (31). He studied geomagnetism with mathematician CF Gauss. In 1837, he was dismissed from his position after protesting to the king along with six other university professors. In 1843, he became a professor at the University of Leipzig. He later returned to his position as professor at the University of Göttingen (48) and also served as director of the observatory. In 1846, he developed the electrodynamics of moving charged particles and sought the interaction between electric currents. In 1852, he explained diamagnetism using the hypothesis of molecular currents. In 1856, together with F. Kohlrausch, he demonstrated that the ratio of the electrostatic unit to the electromagnetic unit of electric current is approximately equal to the speed of light. The practical unit of magnetic flux, the "Weber," is named after him. Weber
Weber, Otto Born: June 4, 1902, Cologne
[Died] 1966
German Reformed theologian. After graduating from the universities of Bonn and Tübingen, he became a professor at the University of Göttingen (1934). His research fields ranged from biblical theology to systematic theology. Heavily influenced by K. Barth, he published an introductory report on K. Barth's massive "Ecclesiastical Dogmatics." He also translated Calvin's "Institutes of the Christian Religion" in German. His works include "Outline of Church Dogmatics by Karl Barth" (50), "Gottesdienst und evangelische Verkündigung" (33), "Bibelkunde des AT" (35), "Versammelte Gemeinde" (49), "Grundlagen der Dogmatik" (I.55, II.62), etc. Weber
Weber, Carl Maria Friedrich Ernst von Born: November 18, 1786. Oichin
[Died] June 5, 1826, London Composer who opened the door to German Romanticism. Cousin-in-law of Mozart. From an early age, he traveled around the country with his father, who was a stage director, conductor and theater company manager, and began studying composition formally in 1798. He composed while working as a theater conductor in Breslau in 1804, Prague in 1813, and Dresden in 1817, and also gained fame as a pianist. In Dresden, he completed the immortal opera Der Freischütz, based on a folk tale and making full use of the colors of romantic orchestral music. It premiered in Berlin in 1821 and was a great success, and after that, despite his illness, he performed Euryanthe (1823) and Oberon (26). He also composed many other pieces for piano and excellent instrumental music for horn and clarinet. Weber
Weber, Alfred Born: July 30, 1868 in Erfurt
Died: May 2, 1958, Heidelberg German economist and sociologist. Studied law and economics at the University of Berlin, and served as a lecturer there and a professor at the University of Prague (1904), before becoming a professor at the University of Heidelberg in 1907. Influenced by the historical school, he studied economic geography, especially industrial location theory, and later founded cultural sociology. He distinguished between cultural development and the process of civilization, and proposed a unique view in the consideration of historical philosophy and the history of civilization, but this was not accepted under the Nazi regime, and he was forcibly suspended (33-45). His main works were Industrielle Standortlehre (19) (Industrial Location Theory) and Kulturgeschichte als Kultursoziologie (Cultural History as Sociology of Culture) (35). Weber
Weber, Eduardo Friedrich Wilhelm Born: March 10, 1806 in Wittenberg
Died: May 18, 1871. Leipzig. German physiologist. Studied at the University of Halle, and after graduating he practiced medicine for a time before becoming professor of anatomy at the University of Leipzig. Famous for his research into the physiology of the nervous system. In 1825, together with his brother Ernst, he determined the speed of pulse waves. In 1845, he discovered that applying electrical stimulation to part of the brain caused the heart to stop beating. This was the first observation of the phenomenon in which autonomous movement was inhibited by the action of the nervous system. He collaborated with his brother, physicist Wilhelm, on research into movement and motor force, and co-authored a book. Weber
Weber, Max Born: April 18, 1881 in Białystok
[Died] October 4, 1961, New York. American painter and printmaker. He moved to the United States with his parents in 1891, and studied at the Pratt Institute in New York for two years from 1898. In 1905, he studied under Matisse in Paris. His paintings were influenced by Fauvism, and he later also adopted Cubist techniques. He was also known as an educator. Weber
Weber, Ernst Heinrich Born: June 24, 1795, Wittenberg
[Died] January 26, 1878, Leipzig German anatomist and physiologist. Professor at the University of Leipzig. His findings on tactile orientation, the just noticeable difference between stimuli, and Weber's law became the foundation of psychophysics. His main work was "Der Tastsinn und das Gemeingefühl" (1851). (→Discrimination) Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
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