Murayama Touan

Japanese: 村山等安 - むらやま・とうあん

Year of death: 1619.12.1 (Genna 5.10.26)
Year of birth: Around 1562 (Eiroku 5)
Nagasaki magistrate in the early Edo period. Also written as Toan, Toan, or Toan. Baptismal name Antonio. Born in Hakata, Chikuzen Province (Fukuoka Prefecture) (other theories include Nagoya and Hiroshima). He appeared in Nagasaki around the Tensho era (1573-92) and distinguished himself for his intelligence. He served as Nagasaki magistrate from around 1602 (Keicho 7) to 1616 (Genna 2), amassed great wealth, made huge donations as a protector of Christians, and produced many believers in his family. However, he fell from grace due to conflicts with the Jesuits and the red seal ship merchant Suetsugu Heizo over trade, the failure of an expedition to Taiwan in 1616, and the fact that his third son, Francisco Toan, who had been exiled, had secretly entered Osaka Castle during the Summer Siege of Osaka (1615). As a result, he was beheaded in Edo for hiding the missionary Morales. His family was also executed. <References> Alvarez Taladulies, "European Historical Sources on Murayama Toan" (Japanese History, Nos. 235, 245, and 256, translated by Sakuma Tadashi)

(Kentaro Miyazaki)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：元和5.10.26(1619.12.1)
生年：永禄5頃(1562)
江戸前期の長崎代官。当安,東安,東庵とも書く。洗礼名アントニオ。筑前国(福岡県)博多生まれ(名古屋,広島説あり)。天正年間(1573～92)ごろ長崎に現れ,才知により頭角を現した。慶長7(1602)年ごろから元和2(1616)年まで長崎代官を務め,巨富を築き,キリシタンの保護者として莫大な寄進を行い,一族に多くの信者を出した。だが,貿易をめぐりイエズス会,朱印船貿易商人の末次平蔵と対立,さらに元和2年の台湾遠征失敗や,国外追放されていた3男フランシスコ等安を大坂夏の陣(1615)でひそかに大坂城入りさせていたことなどにより失脚する。そのため,宣教師モラレスを匿ったかどで江戸において斬首された。また,一族も処刑された。<参考文献>アルバレス・タラドゥリース「村山当安に関するヨーロッパの史料」(『日本歴史』235・245・256号,佐久間正訳)

(宮崎賢太郎)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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