Kalecki (English spelling) Michał Kalecki

A world-renowned economist born in Poland. Born in Łódź, Poland. He studied engineering at the Technical University in Gdansk, but developed an interest in economics while he was still a student. From 1929 to 1935, he studied national income theory at the Institute of Economic and Price Studies in Warsaw. In 1933, he published "An Essay on the Business Cycle," which became the originator of the mathematical economic model of capitalist economic cycles (the so-called Kalecki model). In 1935, he published "A Macroscopic Dynamic Theory of the Business Cycle," which was based on Marx's theory of reproduction, but was a groundbreaking achievement that developed a thought that was separate from Keynes's and that would lead to the later "Keynesian Revolution." In 1936, he went to Sweden and then to the UK, and in 1940, he became a member of the Statistical Institute of Oxford University. After the war, he served as Deputy Director of the Economic Department of the United Nations Secretariat from 1946 to 1954, and returned to Poland in 1955, where he served as a government advisor, advisor to the Planning Commission, vice-chairman of the Economic Council, and representative of Comecon, and worked hard with Lange to plan the postwar economy. He became an academician in 1966. From 1961 he taught at the Central University of Planning and Statistics in Warsaw, where he worked to perfect the theory of socialist economic growth. In the spring of 1968, however, he retired from all public office in protest against the expulsion of his colleagues in the name of revisionist attacks, and he died in despair on April 17, 1970.

[Tsuneaki Sato]

"The Theory of Economic Fluctuations by Kalecki, translated by Yoshikazu Miyazaki and Mitsuharu Ito (1958, Shinhyoron) " "Outline of Socialist Economic Growth Theory by Kalecki, translated by Shoichiro Takenami (1965, Nippon Hyoronsha)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

ポーランドが生んだ世界的な経済学者。ポーランドのウージに生まれる。グダニスクの工業大学で工学を学んだが、在学中より経済学に関心を抱き、1929～35年の間、ワルシャワの景気・価格研究所で国民所得論を研究、33年に発表した『景気循環への一試論』で、資本主義経済循環の数理経済モデル（いわゆるカレツキ・モデル）の創始者となった。35年これをもとにした『景気循環の巨視的動態論』を発表したが、これはマルクスの再生産論から出発しながら、ケインズとは別個に、後の「ケインズ革命」に通じる思想を展開した画期的な業績であった。36年スウェーデンに、ついでイギリスに渡り、40年オックスフォード大学統計研究所員となる。戦後46年から54年まで国連事務局経済部次長を務め、55年ポーランドに帰り、政府顧問、計画委員会顧問、経済審議会副議長、コメコン代表などを歴任、ランゲとともに戦後経済の計画化に力を尽くした。66年アカデミー会員となる。61年以降ワルシャワの中央計画・統計大学で教鞭(きょうべん)をとり、社会主義経済成長論の完成に努めたが、68年春の修正主義攻撃に名を借りた同僚の追放に抗議していっさいの公職から引退し、70年4月17日、失意のうちに死去した。

［佐藤経明］

『カレツキ著、宮崎義一・伊東光晴訳『経済変動の理論』（1958・新評論）』▽『カレツキ著、竹浪祥一郎訳『社会主義経済成長論概要』（1965・日本評論社）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例