Tomoyoshi Murai

Japanese: 村井知至 - むらいともよし
Tomoyoshi Murai

A socialist of the Meiji period. Born on September 19, 1861 in Matsuyama, Iyo Province (Ehime Prefecture) as the son of a feudal lord. He entered Doshisha English School in 1879 (Meiji 12) and became a devout Christian. After graduating, he became involved in evangelism. He later studied in the United States twice, and while studying sociology, he observed social work facilities, which opened his eyes to social issues. He lectured on Unitarianism at Iiichikan in Mita, Tokyo, and became a council member of the Labor Union Promotion Association in 1897, and the following year in 1898, he organized the Socialism Study Group, and began to promote and study socialism.

His 1899 book "Socialism" is highly ideological but systematic in its examination of socialism, and is considered to show the state of the art of socialist theory at the time. In his later years, he was involved in education, and served as a professor at the Tokyo School of Foreign Languages. He passed away on February 16, 1944.

[Ryuichi Narita]

"The Life of a Frog" by Tomoyuki Murai (1927, Keiseisha)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

明治時代の社会主義者。文久(ぶんきゅう)元年9月19日、伊予国(愛媛県)松山に藩士の子として生まれる。1879年(明治12)に同志社英学校に入学、熱心なクリスチャンとなり、卒業後は伝道に携わった。のちアメリカに二度留学、社会学を研究するかたわら社会事業施設を観察、社会問題に目を開いた。東京・三田の惟一館(いいつかん)でユニテリアン主義を講じ、97年に労働組合期成会評議員、翌98年には社会主義研究会を組織するなど、社会主義の宣伝・研究に乗り出した。

 1899年に著した『社会主義』は、観念性が強いものの体系的に社会主義を考察し、また当時の社会主義理論の水準を示すと評価されている。晩年は教育事業に携わり、東京外国語学校教授などを務めた。昭和19年2月16日没。

[成田龍一]

『村井知至著『蛙の一生』(1927・警醒社)』

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