Mushadokoro - Mushadokoro

(1) The samurai station (tsumesho) that guarded the Imperial Palace of the retired emperor, and the samurai themselves. Established after 985 (Kanwa 1), they were also called simply "musha" or "tokoro." (2) Established by the Kenmu Restoration government, it was an organization that controlled the Imperial Guard, which was in charge of guarding the Imperial Palace, and was responsible for maintaining order in Kyoto. Established in 1333 (Ganko 3/Shokei 2), 64 samurai were divided into six groups and took turns on duty. The heads of each group were Nitta Yoshiaki (Number 1), Nitta Yoshisada (Number 2), Nitta Yukiyoshi (Number 3), and Nitta Yoshiharu (Number 5), with Nitta clan members occupying four of the six groups, while Nagai Hirohide was appointed head of group four and Takeda Nobusada was appointed head of group six. In addition to guarding the Kinmon Gate and maintaining public order in the city, they were also involved in policing morals and land issues.

[Eiji Nitta]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

(1)上皇の御所を警護する武士の詰所(つめしょ)、またその武士。985年（寛和1）以降設置され、単に「武者」あるいは「所」ともよばれた。(2)建武(けんむ)新政政府によって設置され、皇居の警衛を任とする禁衛軍を統轄し、京都の治安保持にあたった機関。1333年（元弘3・正慶2）に設置され、64人の武士が六番（組）に分かたれ、輪番で任務についた。各番の頭人(とうにん)は、一番＝新田義顕(にったよしあき)、二番＝同義貞(よしさだ)、三番＝同行義(ゆきよし)、五番＝同義治(よしはる)と、新田一族が六番のうち四番を占め、このほか四番は長井広秀(ひろひで)、六番は武田信貞(のぶさだ)が頭人に任ぜられた。禁門の警備や市中の治安維持にあたったほか、風俗の取締りや土地問題などにも関与したらしい。

［新田英治］

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