Tatebayashi Domain

This was a Fudai clan whose headquarters was Tatebayashi Castle in Kozuke Province (Tatebayashi City, Gunma Prefecture). In 1590 (Tensho 18), Sakakibara Yasumasa, one of the four great generals of the Tokugawa clan, was granted 100,000 koku and established the clan. The year after he entered the domain, Yasumasa carried out a general land survey of the domain, and also worked on building the banks of the Tone and Watarase rivers and developing the castle town. After three generations of the Sakakibara clan, one year after the castle was guarded, Matsudaira (Ogyu) Norinaga entered the domain (60,000 koku) in 1644 (Shoho 1), and it continued as the domain for two generations. In 1661 (Kanbun 1), Tokugawa Tsunayoshi entered the castle and was granted 250,000 koku, but his son Tokumatsu, who succeeded him as shogun, died as a child in 1683 (Tenwa 3), and the castle was abandoned. After that, in 1707 (4th year of the Hoei period), Matsudaira (Ochi) Kiyotake took possession of the castle and rebuilt it, and his fief increased to 54,000 koku, but in 1728 (13th year of the Kyoho period), during the reign of Takemoto, it was moved to Oshu Tanagura (Higashi Shirakawa District, Fukushima Prefecture), and Ota Sukeharu was replaced with him (50,000 koku). When Sukeharu was transferred from the Osaka Castle Ward, the fief attached to the castle temporarily became Shogunate territory, but later it was restored to its former state, and in 1746 (3rd year of the Enkyo period), Matsudaira (Ochi) Takemoto was re-fiefed, and the following year he became a senior councilor. After three generations of the Matsudaira clan inhabiting the castle, in 1836 (7th year of the Tenpo period), it was moved to Iwami Hamada (Hamada City, Shimane Prefecture), and Inoue Masaharu took over.

Furthermore, in 1845 (Koka 2), Akimoto Yukitomo entered the domain from Yamagata, but it was abolished after two generations. At the end of the Edo period, the Akimoto clan strengthened the domain's administration by establishing the domain school Kyudokan (Zoshi Shoin), and, thanks to their connections with the lords of Choshu and Utsunomiya, they worked hard to support the emperor, such as repairing the Yuryaku Mausoleum in their sub-domain Kawachi (Osaka Prefecture). During the Boshin War, they fought in Ueno, Izurusan in Yashu, and Oshu. After the domain was abolished in 1871 (Meiji 4), it was incorporated into Tatebayashi Prefecture, then Tochigi Prefecture, and then Gunma Prefecture in 1876.

[Yamada Takemaro]

"Tatebayashi Domain" by Ito Kawashima (included in "New Narrative Domain History Volume 3", 1976, Shinjinbutsu Oraisha)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

上野(こうずけ)国館林城（群馬県館林市）を藩庁とした譜代(ふだい)藩。1590年（天正18）徳川氏四天王の一人榊原康政(さかきばらやすまさ)が10万石を与えられて立藩。康政は入封の翌年領内の総検地を実施、また利根(とね)・渡良瀬(わたらせ)川の築堤、城下町の整備に努めた。榊原氏3代のあと番城1年を経て1644年（正保1）松平（大給(おぎゅう)）乗寿(のりなが)が入封（6万石）して2代。1661年（寛文1）徳川綱吉(つなよし)が入城して25万石を領したが、将軍職に出た後を継いだ子徳松(とくまつ)が83年（天和3）幼死して廃城となった。その後1707年（宝永4）松平（越智(おち)）清武(きよたけ)が入封して再築城し、所領も5万4000石までなったが、28年（享保13）武元のとき奥州棚倉(たなぐら)（福島県東白川郡）に移り、かわって太田資晴(すけはる)が入封した（5万石）。資晴の大坂城代転出に伴い城付領は一時幕領となったが、のち旧に復し1746年（延享3）松平（越智）武元が再封され、翌年老中となる。松平氏は3代在封ののち、1836年（天保7）石見(いわみ)浜田（島根県浜田市）に移り、井上正春がかわった。

　さらに1845年（弘化2）には山形から秋元志朝(ゆきとも)が入封したが2代で廃藩。幕末の秋元氏は藩校求道館(きゅうどうかん)（造士書院）の創設など藩政強化を図り、長州や宇都宮藩主との縁から、分領河内(かわち)（大阪府）の雄略(ゆうりゃく)陵修理など勤王に奔走、戊辰(ぼしん)戦争には上野鎮定のほか、野州出流山(いずるさん)、奥州にも転戦した。1871年（明治4）廃藩後、館林県を経て栃木県、ついで76年群馬県に編入された。

［山田武麿］

『川島維知著「館林藩」（『新編物語藩史　第3巻』所収・1976・新人物往来社）』

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