Miyoshi clan

A clan of military commanders based in Miyoshi County, Awa Province (Miyoshi City, Tokushima Prefecture, Higashi Miyoshi Town, Miyoshi County). A branch of the Awa Ogasawara clan. The Miyoshi clan began to use the name Miyoshi around the time of Miyoshi Yoshinaga during the Nanboku-cho period.

Miyoshi Yoshinaga was the son of Ogasawara Nagaoki of Kyoto, the grandson of Ogasawara Sadamune of Shinano. As his mother was the daughter of Ogasawara Nagataka of Awa, he was adopted by Nagataka, lived in Miyoshi County, and took the name Miyoshi. After the Nanboku-cho period, he became a vassal of the Hosokawa clan, the guardian of Awa Province, and expanded his influence under them. During the Sengoku period, he supported the Hosokawa clan and aimed to control the Kinai region.

In 1506 (Eisho 3), Miyoshi Yukinaga tried to seize power in the shogunate by supporting Sumimoto Hosokawa, the Awa Shugo Hosokawa family's adopted son by Kanrei Hosokawa Masamoto, but was defeated by Hosokawa Takakuni and committed suicide. His grandson Motonaga, accompanied by Ashikaga Yoshitsuna and Sumimoto's son Harumoto, aimed to control the Kinai region, but was attacked and defeated by Kawachi Shugo Deputy Kizawa Nagamasa and the Ikko Ikki. His son Nagayoshi chased Shogun Yoshiteru and Kanrei Harumoto to Omi in 1549 (Tenbun 18) and controlled the Kinai region, but died in despair in his later years. Yoshitsugu, who next inherited the family headship, along with Matsunaga Hisahide and the Miyoshi Triumvirate, murdered Shogun Yoshiteru and inherited the Nagayoshi administration, but surrendered to Oda Nobunaga, who had entered Kyoto. Yoshitsugu rebelled against Nobunaga and was killed in 1573 (Tensho 1). The Miyoshi clan ended the Kanrei system of control centered on the Hosokawa clan and established their own control over the Kinai region, but they were unable to completely shake off their dependency on the shogunate, and were replaced by Nobunaga.

[Toshifumi Yada]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

阿波国(あわのくに)三好郡（徳島県三好市、三好郡東みよし町）を本拠にした武将の氏。阿波小笠原(おがさわら)氏の一族。三好氏を名のるのは南北朝期の三好義長(よしなが)のころである。

　三好義長は信濃(しなの)の小笠原貞宗(さだむね)の孫の京都の小笠原長興(ながおき)の子。母が阿波の小笠原長隆の娘であった縁で、長隆の養子となり、三好郡に住し、三好氏を名のった。南北朝期以後、阿波国の守護細川氏の被官となり、その下で勢力を拡大し、戦国期には細川氏を擁立して畿内(きない)支配の実権をねらった。

　1506年（永正3）三好之長(ゆきなが)は、管領(かんれい)細川政元(まさもと)の養子となった阿波守護細川家の澄元(すみもと)を擁して幕府権力を握ろうとしたが、細川高国(たかくに)に敗れて自刃した。その孫元長(もとなが)は足利義維(あしかがよしつな)、澄元の子晴元(はるもと)を伴い畿内支配を目ざしたが、河内(かわち)の守護代木沢長政(きざわながまさ)と一向一揆(いっこういっき)に攻められ敗死。その子長慶(ながよし)は1549年（天文18）将軍義輝(よしてる)、管領晴元を近江(おうみ)に追い畿内を支配したが、晩年は失意のうちに死去した。次に家督を継承した義継(よしつぐ)は松永久秀(ひさひで)、三好三人衆らとともに将軍義輝を殺害し、長慶政権を継承したが、入京した織田信長に降(くだ)った。義継は1573年（天正1）に信長に背き殺された。三好氏は細川氏を中心とした管領制支配を終わらせ、独自の畿内支配を行ったが、幕府に依存する体質が最後まで抜け切れず、信長にとってかわられた。

［矢田俊文］

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