They are also called the Udehe or Udegai. They are an ethnic minority living in the Primorsky Krai, the Russian Far East, and the right bank tributaries of the Ussuri and Amur Rivers. They have a population of about 2000. They speak the Udehe language, which is classified as a Tungusic-Manchu branch of the Altaic languages. Because they are neighbors to the Orochi and Nanai, they are not treated as an independent ethnic group in 19th century documents, but some of the inhabitants known as Tarts in ancient Chinese historical documents correspond to the Udehe. While most of the inhabitants of this region live semi-settled lives in the river basins and make their living mainly from fishing, the Udehe are characterized by a nomadic lifestyle, mainly hunting forest animals. In addition, ginseng, which they collect, has been one of their important trade goods since ancient times. During the Soviet era, they organized kolkhoz, which mainly focused on hunting. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
ウデエ族,ウデゲイ族ともいう。ロシア極東部の沿海州,ウスリー川およびアムール川の右岸支流域に居住する少数民族。人口約 2000。ウデヘ語を話すが,この言語はアルタイ諸語のツングース=満州語派に分類される。オロチ族,ナーナイ族と隣接していることもあって,19世紀の文献では独立の民族として扱われていないが,古代中国の史書に韃子 (ターズ) として知られた住民の一部はこのウデヘに相当する。この地域の住民の多くが河川の流域に半定住生活を営み,漁労を主たる生業としているのに対し,ウデヘ族は森林動物の狩猟を基本とする放浪生活を特徴としていた。また,古くより彼らの採集する朝鮮人参は重要な交易品の一つであった。ソ連時代には,狩猟を主体とするコルホーズを組織した。
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