Yoshimura Miura

Japanese: 三浦義村 - みうら・よしむら

Year of death: En'o 1.12.5 (1239.12.31)
Year of birth: Unknown. A samurai from the early Kamakura period. Born in Sagami Province (Kanagawa Prefecture). Son of Miura Yoshizumi and the daughter of Ito Sukechika. Called Heiroku. When Minamoto no Yoritomo came to Kyoto in 1190, he was appointed Uhyoe no Jō, and later became Saemon no Jō. He played a central role in the movement to expel Kajiwara Kagetoki, which arose after Yoritomo's death. After his father's death, he shouldered heavy responsibilities in the shogunate, and as the most powerful vassal, he tried to cooperate with Hojo Yoshitoki. In 1213, when his cousin Wada Yoshimori came into conflict with the Hojo clan and raised an army, he initially sided with the Hojo despite writing a petition for his support as a police officer, which earned him the comment, "Miura's dogs will eat their friends." In 1219, when Shogun Sanetomo was assassinated, Kugyo sought refuge with Yoshimura, but Yoshitoki reported this to Yoshimura, who ordered him to kill Kugyo. During the Jokyu War (1221), Yoshimura was also invited by his younger brother Taneyoshi, who sided with the retired Emperor Gotoba, but he did not accept the invitation and instead traveled to Kyoto as part of the Shogunate army to kill Taneyoshi and his men. He was also asked to take part in a plot by Yoshitoki's successor, the Iga clan, after Yoshitoki's death, but he was persuaded by Hojo Masako and supported Hojo Yasutoki. Perhaps it was the fate of being the most powerful of the Gokenin that he was relied upon by anti-Hojo clan forces and ended up betraying his clan. He served as the governor of Suruga, the governor of Sagami, Kawachi, Kii, and Tosa, and a member of the Council of Councilors.

(Takahashi Hideki)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：延応1.12.5(1239.12.31)
生年：生年不詳
鎌倉前期の武士。相模国(神奈川県)出身。三浦義澄と伊東祐親の娘の子。平六を称す。建久1(1190)年の源頼朝上洛時に右兵衛尉に任じられ,のちに左衛門尉となる。頼朝の死後に起きた梶原景時排斥運動では中心的な活動をみせた。父の死後は幕府の重責を担い,最有力御家人として北条義時との協力に努めた。建保1(1213)年,従兄弟の和田義盛が北条氏と対立し挙兵におよぶと,いったんは同心の起請文を書きながら北条方についたため,「三浦の犬は友をくらう」と評された。承久1(1219)年将軍実朝を暗殺した公暁が義村を頼ったが,これを義時に告げて,その命により公暁を殺した。承久の乱(1221)でも後鳥羽上皇方についた弟胤義の誘いを受けたが,それに応じず,幕府軍として上洛して胤義らを討った。義時の死後起こった後家伊賀氏の陰謀にも参加を求められたが,北条政子の説得に応じ北条泰時を支持した。反北条氏勢力に頼られ,結果として一族を裏切ったことは御家人中最大の勢力であったがゆえの宿命であろうか。駿河守,相模,河内,紀伊,土佐の守護,評定衆などを歴任。

(高橋秀樹)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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