This refers to the decoration placed above and around the fireplace's fire hole. Western fireplaces are the center of interior decoration with a spiritual meaning, like the Japanese tokonoma, and have been designed in styles that correspond to each era. Early fireplaces had chimneys protruding from the wall, so both the hearth and the chimney were decorated, and they were designed to be heavy with a gable at the top. The decorations mainly used marble or stone reliefs and columns. When the chimney came to be installed inside the wall, the upper part was designed as part of the wall, and mirrors, paintings, etc. were used as decorations. Later, furniture such as clocks and candlesticks came to be used as decorations, and shelves were installed to hold them, completing the so-called wall-mounted fireplace style. Therefore, today, the area around the fire hole, including this shelf, is called a mantelpiece. [Harunori Yoshida] [Reference] |Circa 1670, limestone, height 401.3 x width 248.9 cm, owned by the Metropolitan Museum of Art French mantelpiece 1760 Marble Height 162.6 x Width 205.7 cm Collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art British mantelpiece 1825-1830 Marble Height 133.4 x Width 173.2 x Depth 25.1 cm Collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art Italian mantelpiece Circa 1881-1883 Marble, oak, cast iron Height 468.3 x Width 393.4 x Depth 94.6 cm Collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art American Mantelpiece Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
暖炉の焚(た)き口の上部、周辺に設けられる装飾をいう。西洋の暖炉は、日本の床の間のような精神的意味をもつ室内装飾の中心であるため、各時代に応じた様式でデザインされた。初期の暖炉は煙突が壁面から突き出していたので炉と煙突の両者が装飾され、頂部に破風(はふ)を設けて重厚にデザインされた。装飾はおもに大理石や石造のレリーフ、柱型が用いられた。煙突が壁内部に設置されるようになると、上部は壁の一部としてデザインされ、鏡、絵画などが装飾として用いられるようになった。さらにのちには、時計、ろうそく台などの調度品が装飾として利用されるようになり、それらを置く飾り棚が設けられ、いわゆる壁付き暖炉の形式が完成する。したがって現在では、この飾り棚を含む焚き口周辺部をマントルピースとよんでいる。 [吉田治典] [参照項目] |1670年ころ 石灰岩 高さ401.3×幅248.9cmメトロポリタン美術館所蔵"> フランスのマントルピース 1760年 大理石 高さ162.6×幅205.7cmメトロポリタン美術館所蔵"> イギリスのマントルピース 1825~1830年ころ 大理石 高さ133.4×幅173.2×奥行25.1cmメトロポリタン美術館所蔵"> イタリアのマントルピース 1881~1883年ころ 大理石・オーク・鋳鉄 高さ468.3×幅393.4×奥行94.6cmメトロポリタン美術館所蔵"> アメリカのマントルピース 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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