The title of the hereditary ruler of the Hyderabad princely state in southern India before independence. It is derived from the title Nizam-ul-Mulk (meaning "ruler of the kingdom") given in 1713 to Asaf Jah (1671-1748), the governor of the Deccan region under the Mughal dynasty, who founded the kingdom of Hyderabad in 1724, which was virtually independent from the Mughal dynasty. During the British invasion of southern India, the fourth Nizam felt threatened by the powerful neighbors of Mysore and the Maratha Confederation, and accepted a military protectorate treaty with Britain in 1798, coming virtually under their control. The last Nizam was Mir Usman Ali Khan, who ascended to the throne in 1911, and when independent India annexed the state to India through military action in 1948, the position of Nizam disappeared. [Masao Naito] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
独立前のインド南部にあったハイデラバード藩王国の世襲君主の称号。ムガル朝下のデカン地方長官アーサフ・ジャー(1671―1748)が1713年に与えられたニザーム・アルムルク(「王国の統治者」の意)の称に由来するもので、彼は1724年にムガル朝から事実上独立した王国ハイデラバードを創建した。イギリスの南インド侵略の過程で、強大な隣国マイソールやマラータ連合に脅威を感じていた第4代ニザームは1798年にイギリスとの軍事保護条約を受け入れ、事実上その支配下に入った。最後のニザームは1911年に即位したミール・ウスマーン・アリー・カーンで、独立インドが1948年に軍事行動によってこの藩王国をインドに併合し、これとともにニザームの地位も消滅した。 [内藤雅雄] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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