The capital of the province of Mantua in Lombardy, northwest Italy. Population 46,372 (2001 census preliminary figure). It is located on the right bank of the Mincio River, a tributary of the Po River, about 20 km upstream from the confluence with the Po River, where the Mincio River bends and forms three lakes connected by banks and bridges. In addition to being a distribution center for agricultural products and a key transportation point, heavy chemical and machinery industries developed in the city after World War II. It is connected to Marghera (an industrial area on the mainland of Venice) by an oil pipeline. It is one of the representative centers of Italian Renaissance culture, and many tourists visit the city for its many historical sites, including the Doge's Palace (13th-18th century), which was once the palace of the Gonzaga family and is now an art museum and museum. [Kenichi Sakai] historyIt is a city of Etruscan origins dating back to the 6th and 5th centuries BC, and flourished during the Roman period. In 601 AD, it came under the control of the Duchy of Lombardy, and later, as a comune (autonomous city) belonging to the Lombard League, it resisted the rule of Holy Roman Emperors Frederick I (Redbeard) and Frederick II. Later, during the rule of the Gonzaga family, Isabella d'Este, who married Francesco II (1466-1519), protected many writers and artists. During this time, the Gonzaga family's villa, Palazzo del Te, designed by Giulio Romano, was built, as was the Doge's Palace, famous for its frescoes by Mantegna. After the collapse of Napoleon's Italian rule, it came under Austrian control, but in 1866 it became part of Italy. [Fusatoshi Fujisawa] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イタリア北西部、ロンバルディア州マントバ県の県都。人口4万6372(2001国勢調査速報値)。ポー川支流ミンチオ川の右岸、ポー川との合流点から約20キロメートル上流でミンチオ川が湾曲して土手と橋でくぎられた三つの湖を形成する地点に位置する。農産物の集散地、交通の要地であるほか、第二次世界大戦後、化学や機械などの重化学工業が発展した。マルゲーラ(ベネチア本土部の工業地区)とはオイル・パイプラインで連結されている。イタリア・ルネサンス文化の代表的中心地の一つであり、かつてのゴンザーガGonzaga家の宮殿で現在では美術館・博物館となっているドゥカーレ宮殿(13~18世紀)をはじめ多数の旧跡があり、訪れる観光客も多い。 [堺 憲一] 歴史紀元前6~前5世紀のエトルスク(エトルリア人の町)を起源とする都市で、ローマ時代に栄えた。紀元後601年にはロンバルディア公国の支配下に入り、その後ロンバルディア同盟に属するコムーネ(自治都市)として、神聖ローマ皇帝フリードリヒ1世(赤髯(あかひげ)王)やフリードリヒ2世の支配に抵抗した。その後、ゴンザーガ家の支配時代には、とくに同家のフランチェスコ2世(1466―1519)と結婚したイサベラ・デステが多くの文人や芸術家を保護した。その間にジュリオ・ロマーノ設計によるゴンザーガ家の別荘デル・テ宮殿ができ、マンテーニャのフレスコ画で有名なドゥカーレ宮殿も建てられた。ナポレオンのイタリア支配崩壊後、オーストリア支配下に置かれたが、1866年イタリアに属した。 [藤澤房俊] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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