German chemist. Born to a pharmacist. He studied chemistry, pharmacology, and metallurgy at the highest level of his time in various parts of Germany, and became a member of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences in 1738, director of the Academy's chemical laboratory in 1753, and head of the Academy's department of physics and mathematics in 1760. Although he was faithful to the phlogiston theory, he devised excellent experimental methods and made many achievements in the field of analytical chemistry, including the discovery of the increase in weight of phosphorus due to combustion. In 1747, he also extracted sugar from sugar beets and demonstrated that it was the same as sugar from sugar cane, demonstrating the possibility of a sugar beet sugar industry. [Kato Kunioki] [References] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツの化学者。薬剤師の子に生まれる。ドイツ各地で当時の最高水準の化学、薬学、冶金(やきん)学を学び、1738年王立プロイセン科学アカデミーの会員、1753年にアカデミーの化学研究所の所長、1760年にアカデミーの物理数学部長となる。フロギストン説に忠実であったが、優れた実験方法を考案して、燃焼によるリンの重量増加の発見など、分析化学の面で多くの業績を残した。また、1747年、甜菜(てんさい)の糖分を抽出し、それがサトウキビの砂糖と同一であることを立証して甜菜糖工業の可能性を示した。 [加藤邦興] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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