Sacrament. A sign of an inward or spiritual grace (invisibilis gratia) and an outward ceremony or form (visibilis forma) by which this grace is conferred. Although the idea of sacrament is not unique to Christianity, the term sacrament refers specifically to Christian terms. Sacraments are said to have been instituted by Jesus Christ. In the Roman Catholic Church, they are divided into seven: baptism (baptisma), confirmation (confirmatio), eucharistia (eucharistia), confession (poenitentia), anointing of the sick (unctio), ordination (ordinatio), and marriage (matrimonium). The sacraments confer a sanctifying grace or increase a grace already received, and each sacrament confer a grace of assistance corresponding to its special purpose. The Eastern Orthodox Church also holds roughly the same doctrine, but they are called sacraments by the term sacrament. On the other hand, in many Protestant churches, the sacraments refer only to baptism and communion, and the Bible as God's Word is given equal respect, and the sacraments are interpreted symbolically in different ways. Sacramento |
秘跡の意。内的,霊的な恩恵 invisibilis gratiaのしるしで,かつこの恩恵を与える外面的儀式ないし形式 visibilis forma。秘跡的な思想はキリスト教固有のものではないが,サクラメントといわれるときは特にキリスト教の用語を意味する。サクラメントはイエス・キリストにより定められたものとされている。ローマ・カトリック教会では,これを洗礼 baptisma,堅信 confirmatio,聖餐 eucharistia,告解 poenitentia,病人の塗油 unctio,叙階 ordinatio,結婚 matrimoniumの7つに分ち,秘跡は成聖の恩恵を下し,またはすでに受けた恩恵を増し,またおのおのの秘跡は,その特別な目的に相当する助力の恩恵を下すとする。東方正教会もほぼ同じ教義に立つが,機密という語で呼ばれる。一方多くのプロテスタント教会では,サクラメントは洗礼と聖餐のみを意味し,神のみ言葉としての聖書が同等に尊重され,またサクラメントもそれぞれ異なった形で象徴的に解されている。
サクラメント
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