Honryo - Honryo

This refers to the private land that was passed down through development among the territories of local lords in the Middle Ages. It was also called konpon shiroi (fundamental private land). The development lord, a typical example of a local lord in the late Heian period, invested his own money in the development of his private land, with his main house as the core. Development meant that the lord provided seeds and farm fees to the surrounding peasants to promote contract cultivation, and the development private land was hereditary and managed as the local lord's "land of his own accord." The "Satamirensho" from the end of the Kamakura period defines the main land as "the land of rice fields and other land that the development lord has been granted with samurai decrees for generations, and is also called private land." Among the territories of local lords, the individual territories that were inherited with a letter of confirmation from the Kamakura Shogun (Minamoto no Yoritomo) were called main territories, and the samurai who received confirmation of their main territories were called gokenin.

[Tetsuo Suzuki]

"Research on Jito and Jito-lordship Systems" by Yasuda Motohisa (1961, Yamakawa Publishing)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中世の在地領主の所領のなかで開発相伝(かいほつそうでん)の私領をいう。根本私領(こんぽんしりょう)ともよばれた。平安後期の在地領主の典型である開発領主は、本宅を中核に私財を投じて私領の開発を進めた。開発とは領主が周辺の百姓に種子や農料を与えて請作(うけさく)（請負耕作）を進めることであり、開発私領は世襲され、在地領主の「一所懸命(いっしょけんめい)の地」として経営された。鎌倉時代末の「沙汰未練書(さたみれんしょ)」には、「本領とは開発領主として代々武家御下文(おんくだしぶみ)を賜る所領田畠等の事なり、また私領とも云う」と定義されている。在地領主の所領のうち、鎌倉殿（源頼朝）の安堵状(あんどじょう)を得つつ相伝された固有の所領が本領であり、本領の安堵を受けた武士が御家人(ごけにん)であった。

［鈴木哲雄］

『安田元久著『地頭及び地頭領主制の研究』（1961・山川出版社）』

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