This refers to the sustained tension exhibited by a muscle. It can be caused by active contraction or by resting tension. Muscle contraction is generally a state in which the muscle remains contracted, i.e., tetanus. Skeletal muscle tone refers to the muscle maintaining a contracted state for purposes such as maintaining posture. For example, the anal sphincter is constantly tensed. In contrast, smooth muscles of the internal organs can maintain tension not only by contraction due to stimulation, but also by the muscle's own resting tension even without stimulation. In this case, the muscle does not generate action potentials, so it is characterized by not easily becoming fatigued. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
筋肉の示す持続的な張力をいう。積極的な収縮を伴うものと,静止張力によるものとがある。筋肉の収縮は,一般に収縮したままになった状態,すなわち強縮である。骨格筋の筋緊張という場合には,姿勢保持などの目的で筋肉が収縮状態を持続しているものをいう。たとえば,肛門括約筋などは常時緊張を保っている。これに対して,内臓の平滑筋は刺激による収縮のほかに,刺激がなくても筋肉自体の静止張力によって緊張を保つことができる。この場合は筋肉に活動電位が発生しないので,容易に疲労しないのが特徴である。
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