Hongo-so - Hongo-so

Japanese: ホンゴウソウ - ほんごうそう
Hongo-so - Hongo-so

A perennial saprophytic plant of the family Celastraceae (APG classification: Celastraceae). The stem is 3-13 cm tall, reddish purple, and has one to several scaly leaves. From July to October, it produces racemes with male flowers at the top and female flowers at the bottom. The perianth of the female flower is 4-6 lobed, while that of the male flower is 6 lobed. It has three stamens and needle-like protrusions between the anthers. It grows in dark, damp places under evergreen forests, and is found somewhat rarely from Honshu to Okinawa. It was named after its discovery in 1902 (Meiji 35) in Kusu Village, Mie County, Mie Prefecture (now Kusu Town, Yokkaichi City). It was thought to be endemic to Japan, but in 2003 (Heisei 15), it was identified as a species found in Southeast Asia.

The Triuridaceae family is a saprophytic monocotyledonous plant that grows in leaf litter or on rotting wood and has endophytic mycorrhizae. They are dioecious or monoecious, and the flowers are unisexual or bisexual. There are about 50 species in 8 genera, and in Japan, other species include Triuridaceae.

[Takemi Shimizu October 19, 2018]

[Reference item] | Uematsusou

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ホンゴウソウ科(APG分類:ホンゴウソウ科)の多年生の腐生植物。茎は高さ3~13センチメートルで紅紫色、1~数枚の鱗片(りんぺん)葉がある。7~10月、総状花序をつくり、上方に雄花、下方に雌花を開く。花被(かひ)は雌花では4~6裂、雄花では六裂する。雄しべは3本、葯(やく)隔に針状の突起がある。常緑樹林下の暗い湿気のある場所に生え、本州から沖縄にややまれに分布する。名は、1902年(明治35)三重県三重郡楠(くす)村本郷(現、四日市(よっかいち)市楠町本郷)で発見されたことによる。日本特産とされていたが、2003年(平成15)に東南アジアに分布する種と同一とされた。

 ホンゴウソウ科Triuridaceaeは腐生性の単子葉植物で、落葉中や腐った木の上に生え、内生菌根がある。雌雄異株または同株、花は単性または両性。8属約50種あり、日本にはほかにウエマツソウなどが分布する。

[清水建美 2018年10月19日]

[参照項目] | ウエマツソウ

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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