Kisokuri - Kisokuri

…In sharp opposition to this is the theory of mind being the same as reason proposed by Lu Jiuyuan (Xiangshan) and Wang Shouren (Yangming). The theory of qi being the same as reason was already proposed by Cheng Hao (Mingdao), the brother of Cheng Yichuan, in the Northern Song Dynasty, who considered human nature as it is to be the principle of heaven. However, Zhu Xi's opponent Lu Xiangshan refused to add any analysis of the mind, such as nature, emotion, the principle of heaven, or human desires, and considered the lively and active whole to be the principle. Here, the theory of nature being the same as reason and the theory of mind being the same as reason appear as some of the most prominent points of contention in the history of Chinese thought, but Zhu Xi and Lu Xiangshan did not fully debate the issue, and it was only after the emergence of Yangmingism in the Ming Dynasty that the sharp contradiction between these two theses became apparent. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Ki Sokuri" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…これと鋭く対立するのが陸九淵(象山（しようざん）)と王守仁(陽明)の心即理説である。すでに北宋時代，程伊川の兄の程顥（こう）(明道)によって気即理説が提起され，あるがままの人間性が天理とされたが，朱子の論敵陸象山は，心に性･情，天理･人欲といった分析を加えることを拒み，生き生きと活動するその渾然たる全体を理とした。ここに性即理説と心即理説は，中国思想史上における最も著名な論点の一つとして登場するのであるが，朱子，陸象山においてはまだ十分意をつくした論争がなされたとはいえず，この二つのテーゼが鋭い矛盾として露呈してくるのは，明代の陽明学出現以後のことである。…

※「気即理」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報