A mining, industrial and university city in the Ruhr region of North Rhine-Westphalia in western Germany. Population 391,100 (2000). Located in the center of the Ruhr region, halfway between Essen and Dortmund. Bochum has the most coal mines in the Ruhr region, and is home to the Bochum Steelworks Union, founded in 1843. Metal, machinery and chemical industries are thriving here. The old town, which dates back to the Middle Ages, was damaged in World War II, leaving only the church and streets, and the central shopping district developed outside of that after the war. It is home to the Ruhr Coal Mine Workers' Union and a federation of entrepreneurs, and is one of the centers of coal industry organizations in the Ruhr region. After the war, the economy was diversified, and the Opel car factory was attracted to the old coal mine site, and the Ruhr University was newly established (1965), leading to a recovery. There is a mining school and a mining museum. [Saito Mitsunori] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツ西部、ノルトライン・ウェストファーレン州、ルール地方の炭鉱・工業・大学都市。人口39万1100(2000)。ルール地方中部、エッセンとドルトムントの中間に位置する。ルール地方でもっとも多くの炭鉱をもち、1843年創設のボーフム製鋼連合が立地するとともに、金属、機械、化学などの工業が盛んである。第二次世界大戦により中世以来の旧市街は被害を受け、教会と街路だけが残り、中心商店街は戦後、その外に発達した。ルール炭鉱労働者組合や企業家の連合などがあり、ルール地方の石炭業従事者組織の中心の一つでもある。戦後、経済構造の多角化が図られ、炭鉱跡地にオペル自動車工場を誘致、ルール大学が新設(1965)されて復興した。鉱山学校、鉱山博物館がある。 [齋藤光格] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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