Neo-Impressionism. An art movement of the 1880s represented by two painters, G. Seurat and P. Signac. In contrast to the Impressionist's empirical realism, intuitive colors, and non-constructionism, the Neo-Impressionists aimed for a rational expression of color and light based on scientific research, and classical forms. They sought a scientific basis for the expression of color and light in M. Chevreul's color and optical theory, D. Schuttl's essay entitled "Phenomena of Vision" (1880), and optical experiments by physicist H. Helmholtz and others, and created the law of division of color (divisionism). The term "Neo-Impressionism" is thought to have been first used by critic F. Fénéon in the magazine "Contemporary Painting" in 1886. The first Neo-Impressionist work was Seurat's "Bathers" (1884, National Gallery, London), which was exhibited at the Salon des Indépendants in May 1884. Painters who were sympathetic to Seurat's methods, such as Signac, H. Cross, C. Angrand, and A. Dubois-Pied, who also exhibited at the same exhibition, formed the Société des Artistes Indépendants and promoted this movement. The movement was perfected by Seurat, but with his death (91) it declined and came to mean simply one painting technique. (→ Impressionism) Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
新印象派。 G.スーラ,P.シニャックの2人の画家に代表される 1880年代の美術運動。印象派の経験的レアリスム,その直観的色彩,非構築性に対して,科学的研究に基づく色調,光線の合理的表現,および古典的造形を目指した。 M.シュブルールの色彩・光学理論,また D.シュッテルの『視覚の諸現象』と題する論文 (1880) ,物理学者 H.ヘルムホルツらによる光学的実験などに色彩と光線の表現の科学的根拠を求め,色調の分割 (分割主義) の法則を生み出した。「新印象主義」という言葉は,批評家 F.フェネオンが 86年『現代絵画』誌上で初めて使用したと考えられる。新印象主義の最初の作品はスーラの『水浴』 (84,ロンドン,ナショナル・ギャラリー) であり,84年5月のアンデパンダン展に出品された。同展出品者のシニャック,H.クロス,C.アングラン,A.デュボア=ピエなど,スーラの方法に共鳴する画家たちが主要メンバーとなってソシエテ・デ・ザルティスト・アンデパンダンが組織され,この運動を推進した。運動はスーラによって完成されたがその死 (91) とともに衰退し,単なる一絵画技法を意味するものとなった。 (→印象主義 )
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