Historical regional and former province names in western France. Located on the Atlantic coast, it stretches from the current Vendée region to Berry, and is a key location for rail and road transport connecting the Paris Basin and the Aquitaine Basin. The eastern part, around the central city of Poitiers, is called Haut (High) Poitou, while the western part is called Bar (Low) Poitou, and is generally hilly and high in altitude. Currently, Bar Poitou roughly corresponds to the Vendée department, and Haut Poitou includes the departments of Deux-Sèvres and Bienne. It is sandwiched between the Armorican Mountains and the Massif Central, and is a plain and hilly area mainly made up of Jurassic strata. The northern part of the coastal area is dominated by the marshes of Brittany, and the southern part is dominated by the Poitouban marshes. Agriculture and livestock farming are the main industries. Grain farming areas are widespread on the calcareous soil, and livestock farming is carried out on the clay barren land. It was inhabited by the Pictavenians, but surrendered to the Romans in 56 BC and was occupied by the Visigoths in the 5th century AD. It was conquered by Clovis in 507 and became part of the Frankish Kingdom. After repelling a Muslim invasion at the Battle of Tours and Poitiers in 732, it became part of the Carolingian dynasty and was ruled by the Counts of Poitiers. It was part of the Duchy of Aquitania at the end of the 7th century and in the 9th and 10th centuries, and was part of the UK in the second half of the 12th century and during the Hundred Years' War. It was annexed to the Kingdom of France by Charles V in 1369. [Nobuo Takahashi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フランス西部の歴史的地方名、旧州名。大西洋岸に位置する現在のバンデー地方からベリー地方まで広がり、パリ盆地とアキテーヌ盆地を結ぶ鉄道・道路交通の要地。東部は中心都市であるポアチエ周辺部でオー(高)・ポアトゥーとよばれ、西部はバー(低)・ポアトゥーと名づけられて一般に起伏に富んで標高が高い。現在、バー・ポアトゥーがほぼバンデ県の範囲に相当し、オー・ポアトゥーにはドゥー・セーブルとビエンヌ両県が含まれる。アルモリカン山地と中央高地に挟まれ、主としてジュラ紀層からなる平野・丘陵地である。海岸に沿う地帯の北部はブルターニュ地方の湿地帯が広がり、南部はポアトゥバン湿地が広がる。農牧業を主産業とする。石灰質土壌には穀物農業地帯が広がり、粘土質の荒地では牧畜業が行われている。 ピクタウェス人の居住地であったが、紀元前56年ローマに降伏し、紀元後5世紀に西ゴート人が占領した。507年クロービスが征服し、フランク王国領となった。732年のトゥール・ポアチエの戦いでイスラム教徒の侵入を撃退してカロリング朝の領土となり、ポアチエ伯に統治された。7世紀末と9~10世紀はアキタニア公領、12世紀後半と百年戦争中はイギリス領。1369年シャルル5世により、フランス王国に併合された。 [高橋伸夫] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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