Waller, Edmund

Japanese: ウォラー（英語表記）Waller, Edmund

Born: 3 March 1606, Coleshill
[Died] October 21, 1687, Beaconsfield English poet and politician. He became a member of the House of Commons early on, but was implicated in a plot to seize London for King Charles I in 1643, and was banished from the country. In 1652, he reconciled with his political rival Oliver Cromwell and returned to England. After the Restoration, he regained the King's favor and became a member of the House of Commons again. He used heroic couplets in His Majesty's Escape at St.Andere (around 1625), which marked the beginning of the widespread use of this form of poetry for the next 20 years. His famous works include Panegyric to My Lord Protector, To the King, and Upon His Majesty's Happy Return.

Waller
Waller, Augustus Volney

Born: 21 December 1816, Faversham
Died: September 18, 1870. British physiologist in Geneva. Graduated from the University of Paris in 1840. Nerve cells are not only the center of nerve function, but also the center of nutrition, and he proved this by cutting the glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal nerves of frogs, that when nerve fibers extending from nerve cells are cut, the peripheral parts that are no longer connected to the cells degenerate and eventually disappear. This is called Waller's law or Wallerian degeneration. By observing the direction of degeneration of these nerve fibers, the direction of the conduction pathway can be determined.

Waller
Waller, Sir William

[Born] 1597
Died September 19, 1668, London. A soldier and general during the Puritan Revolution in England. Served in Germany during the early part of the Thirty Years' War. Elected to the Long Parliament in 1640, he became the commander of the Parliamentary forces in southern England when the Puritan Revolution broke out. After 1645, he left the military and opposed the Independence Movement as a leader of the Presbyterians in Parliament, for which he was imprisoned several times.

Waller
Waller, Augustus Désiré

Born: July 12, 1856 in Paris
[Died] March 11, 1922.
British electrophysiologist. He demonstrated that it was possible to measure the electrical current generated by the beating of the heart simply by attaching electrodes to the surface of the body without opening the chest wall (around 1887), and thus pioneered the electrocardiogram that is now used clinically. His father, AV Waller, was also a physiologist.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1606.3.3. コールズヒル
[没]1687.10.21. ビーコンズフィールド
イギリスの詩人，政治家。早くから下院議員になったが 1643年国王チャールズ1世のためのロンドン占拠計画に連座し，国外追放の刑を受けた。1652年政敵オリバー・クロムウェルと和解して帰英。王政復古後は国王の寵を回復，再び下院議員となった。1625年頃の『難船を逃れた皇太子』His Majesty's Escape at St.Andereで英雄詩体二行連句（→ヒロイック・カプレット）を用い，以後 20年間この詩型が広く用いられる端緒を開いた。『護国卿賛歌』Panegyric to My Lord Protector，『国王に寄す，めでたいご帰国に際して』To the King，Upon His Majesty's Happy Returnなどが有名。

ウォラー
Waller， Augustus Volney

[生]1816.12.21. ファーバーシャム
[没]1870.9.18. ジュネーブ
イギリスの生理学者。 1840年パリ大学を卒業。神経細胞は神経機能の中心であるだけではなく，栄養の中心であり，神経細胞から伸びる神経線維が切断されると，細胞と連絡を断たれた切断部より末梢の部分は変性に陥り，ついには消失することをカエルの舌咽および舌下神経を切断する実験で証明した。これをウォラーの法則またはウォラー変性と呼んでいる。この神経線維の変性の方向を見ることによって，伝導路の向きを知ることができる。