If the remainder when a polynomial P ( x ) in x is divided by x - a is R , then R = P ( a ). In other words, R is equal to the value P ( a ) obtained when a is substituted for x in P ( x ). This is called the remainder theorem. In particular, a necessary and sufficient condition for P ( x ) to be divisible by x - a is that P ( a ) = 0 holds. This can be used to factorize the polynomial P ( x ). For this reason, this theorem is also called the factor theorem. An effective practical method for finding the remainder R = P ( a ) is the assembly division method. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
x の多項式 P(x) を x-a で割ったときの剰余を R とおけば,R=P(a) である。すなわち,R は P(x) の x に a を代入したときの値 P(a) に等しい。これを剰余定理という。また,特に P(x) が x-a で割切れるための必要十分条件は,P(a)=0 が成り立つことである。このことは多項式 P(x) の因数分解に使うことができる。それでこの定理を因数定理ともいう。剰余 R=P(a) を求める実際的方法には,組立て除法が有効である。
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