Xuchang

Japanese: 許昌 - きょしょう
Xuchang

A prefecture-level city in the central part of Henan Province, China. It governs two city districts and two counties, and acts as the administrative agent for two county-level cities (as of 2016). It has a population of 4,998,000 (2014). It is located on the Beijing-Guangzhou Line, and the Mengping Line (Luohe - Pingdingshan) and the Pingyu Line (Pingdingshan - Yuzhou) also pass through the city. Expressways also connect to Zhengzhou, Kaifeng, Xiangcheng, etc. Known as the "Kingdom of Tobacco," the cultivation of smoked tobacco (cured by fire) has been thriving since 1915, and the city is a distribution center for this tobacco. It also produces wheat, vegetables, and Chinese herbal medicines. The manufacturing industry of vehicles, agricultural machinery, etc. is also well developed. During the Spring and Autumn period, it was the capital of the state of Xu, and at the end of the Eastern Han dynasty, Cao Cao used it as his base of operations, and it developed into a central area of ​​the Central Plains.

[Masakazu Komai, Editorial Department, December 12, 2017]

[Reference items] | Henan (province) | Jingguang Line | Zhongyuan

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

中国、河南(かなん)省中央部にある地級市。2市轄区、2県を管轄し、2県級市の管轄代行を行う(2016年時点)。人口499万8000(2014)。京広線沿線にあり、孟平(もうへい)線(漯河(らが)―平頂山(へいちょうざん))、平禹線(平頂山―禹州(うしゅう))も市内を通る。自動車道も鄭州(ていしゅう)、開封(かいほう)、襄城(じょうじょう)などに通じる。「タバコ王国」とよばれ、1915年以降、烤煙(カオイエン)(火で乾燥させるタバコ)栽培が盛んであり、本市はその集散地である。このほか、小麦や野菜、漢方薬材を産する。また車両、農業機械などの製造業が発達している。春秋時代に許国の国都が置かれ、後漢(ごかん)末には曹操(そうそう)が本拠地とするなど、中原(ちゅうげん)の一中心として発展した。

[駒井正一・編集部 2017年12月12日]

[参照項目] | 河南(省) | 京広線 | 中原

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