Hertz, Gustav Ludwig

Japanese: ヘルツ（英語表記）Hertz， Gustav Ludwig

Born: July 22, 1887 in Hamburg
Died October 30, 1975. German physicist in East Berlin. Nephew of HR Hertz. Studied at the universities of Göttingen, Munich, and Berlin, and became an assistant professor at the University of Berlin (1913). Together with J. Frank, he excited atoms with an electron beam, and contributed to the experimental foundation of quantum mechanics (the Franck-Hertz experiment). For this work, he shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with Frank in 1925. He became a professor at the University of Halle (25) and at the Technical University of Charlottenburg in Berlin (28), but was dismissed because he was Jewish (34). However, he remained in Berlin as director of the Siemens Institute. After World War II, he conducted research in the Soviet Union (45-54) and at the Institute of Physics in Leipzig, East Germany (55-61).

Hertz
Hertz, Henrik

Born: 1797/1798.8.25, Copenhagen
Died: February 25, 1870. Copenhagen. Danish Jewish poet, playwright, and novelist. His real name was Heyman. Known for his light-hearted satirical style, he and his friend Heiber opposed the Romantic movement led by Oehlenschläger. In Gjenganger-breve (1830), he borrowed the name of the late Baggesen and skillfully imitated his style, mocking Oehlenschläger and Hans Christian Andersen, causing a great sensation. He wrote about 50 plays, including the satirical comedy Sparekassen (36) and Kong Renés Datter (45).

Hertz
Hertz, Heinrich Rudolph

Born: February 22, 1857 in Hamburg
Died January 1, 1894. Bonn, German physicist. Studied under Hertz Helmholtz at the University of Berlin, receiving his doctorate in 1880. After serving as a professor at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, he became a professor at the University of Bonn (1889). In 1883 he began researching JC Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism, and in 1888 he generated electromagnetic waves in a laboratory and demonstrated that they were identical to light waves in terms of reflection, refraction, etc. (→Hertz's experiment). As a result, Maxwell's electromagnetic theory of light was given an experimental basis. The unit of frequency, Hertz, is named after him.

Hertz
Hertz

Also called cycles per second or simply cycle. The SI unit of frequency (frequency of vibration). The symbol is Hz. 1 Hz is the frequency at which a periodic phenomenon repeats once per second. The unit is named after HR Hertz.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1887.7.22. ハンブルク
[没]1975.10.30. 東ベルリン
ドイツの物理学者。 H.R.ヘルツの甥。ゲッティンゲン，ミュンヘン，ベルリン各大学で学び，ベルリン大学助手となり (1913) ，J.フランクと，電子線によって原子を励起させ，量子論の実験的基礎づけに寄与した (フランク＝ヘルツの実験 ) 。この研究により，1925年フランクとともにノーベル物理学賞を受賞。ハレ大学教授 (25) ，ベルリンのシャルロッテンブルク工科大学教授 (28) になったが，ユダヤ系のため解任された (34) 。しかし，ジーメンス研究所所長としてベルリンにとどまった。第2次世界大戦後は，ソ連で (45～54) ，また東ドイツのライプチヒの物理学研究所で (55～61) 研究を行なった。

ヘルツ
Hertz， Henrik

[生]1797/1798.8.25. コペンハーゲン
[没]1870.2.25. コペンハーゲン
デンマークのユダヤ系詩人，劇作家，小説家。本名 Heyman。軽妙な風刺的作風で知られ，僚友ハイベアとともにエーレンシュレーガーを首領とするロマン派に反対，『ある亡霊の手紙』 Gjenganger-breve (1830) では故人のバッゲセンの名を借り，その文体を巧みに模して，エーレンシュレーガーやアンデルセンを揶揄して一大センセーションを巻起した。戯曲は 50編ほどあり，風刺喜劇『貯金箱』 Sparekassen (36) ，『ルネ王の娘』 Kong Renés Datter (45) などが有名。

ヘルツ
Hertz， Heinrich Rudolph

[生]1857.2.22. ハンブルク
[没]1894.1.1. ボン
ドイツの物理学者。ベルリン大学で H.ヘルムホルツのもとで学び，1880年学位取得。カルルスルーエ工科大学教授を経て，ボン大学教授 (1889) 。 83年，J.C.マクスウェルの電磁気理論の研究を開始し，88年実験室で電磁波を発生させ，これが反射・屈折などの点で光波とまったく同一であることを示した (→ヘルツの実験 ) 。この結果，マクスウェルの光の電磁論に実験的基礎が与えられた。振動数の単位として使われるヘルツは，彼の名にちなんだもの。