Peyote is a plant containing alkaloids that grows in the Rio Grande Valley and south of North America, and when eaten, it causes hallucinations. The word peyote comes from the Nahuatl word for the cactus Lophophora williamsii Lemaire, a word used by the indigenous people of Mexico. Before the white conquest, the Aztecs, Huichols, and other Mexican Indians ate it for religious purposes, but after about 1870, this practice spread to North American Indians, especially the Plains Indians. In the southwestern North American indigenous people, peyote worship became closely linked to shamanism and witchcraft beliefs. In Huichol society, a group led by a shaman walks hundreds of miles every year to a sacred place where their ancestors once lived to collect peyote. [Teigo Yoshida] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
北アメリカ大陸のリオ・グランデ渓谷以南に成長する、アルカロイドを含有する植物で、これを食べると幻覚症状をおこす。ペヨーテという語は、メキシコの先住民の言語の一つナワトルNahuatl語で、ウバタマサボテンLophophora williamsii Lemaireを意味するペヨトルpeyotlに由来する。白人に征服される以前からアステカ、ウィチョルその他のメキシコ・インディオとよばれたメキシコ先住民は、これを宗教的目的のために食べていたが、この習慣は約1870年以後北アメリカ先住民(インディアン)とくに平原先住民にも伝播(でんぱ)した。北米南西部先住民においてペヨーテ崇拝はシャーマニズムや妖術(ようじゅつ)信仰と密接に関連するようになった。ウィチョル社会では、毎年、シャーマンをリーダーとする集団が、昔先祖が住んでいたという聖地まで数百マイルを歩いてペヨーテをとりに行く。 [吉田禎吾] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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