committee of the whole House

...In addition, because party discipline is weak in the U.S. Congress and because individual members of Congress have strong political views and interests, substantive deliberations that would be hidden behind party discipline in other countries are conducted openly in committees, which increases the importance of committee activities. There are several types of committees: standing committees, which are divided into different areas, select (special) committees, which are created to deliberate only specific issues, joint committees made up of members of both houses, and committees of the whole House, which are made up of all members of both houses (convened under the chairmanship of a person selected by the chairman, with looser quorum requirements than those for plenary sessions). Standing committees play the most important role.

*Some of the terminology that refers to the "committee of the whole House" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…また，アメリカの連邦議会では政党規律が弱く，議員個人の政見や利害主張が強いために，他の国では政党規律のかげにかくされてしまうような実質的審議が委員会で公然と行われ，それだけに委員会活動の重要性を高めている，という事情もある。　委員会の類型としては，領域ごとに分担する常任委員会standing committeeのほか，特定の事項についてそのことだけを審議するために作られる特別委員会select(special) committee，両院の委員によって構成される合同委員会や，院の議員全員で構成される全院委員会committee of the whole House(本会議での定足数要件よりゆるい定足数要件のもとで，議長の選任したものの司会で開催される)がある。最も重要な役割を演ずるのは常任委員会である。…

※「committee of the whole House」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報