Petty's law

Japanese: ペティの法則 - ぺてぃのほうそく(英語表記)Petty's law
Petty's law

This is an empirical law that states that as national income levels rise, the weight of a country's industrial structure shifts from primary to secondary and from secondary to tertiary industries. The division of industry into three sectors was pioneered by A.G.B. Fisher, and based on this industrial division, British economist C.G. Clarke, in his empirical study Conditions of Economic Progress (1940), showed that as national income levels rise, the weight of labor falls in the primary industry and rises in the secondary and tertiary industries. In this work, he quoted a passage from Political Arithmetic (1690) by the 17th century British economist and statistician W. Petty, pointing out that Petty had already focused on the relationship between economic development and the distribution of labor among industries, and named this empirical law Petty's Law. Today, Petty's Law is also called Clark's law or Petty-Clarke's law.

[Masashi Miura]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

国民所得水準の上昇に伴って、一国の産業構造が、第一次産業から第二次産業、第二次産業から第三次産業へ、その比重を移していくという経験法則。産業の三部門分割はA・G・B・フィッシャーの先鞭(せんべん)によるが、この産業区分をもとに、イギリスの経済学者C・G・クラークは彼の実証研究『経済進歩の諸条件』(1940)のなかで、国民所得水準の上昇につれて、労働力の比重が第一次産業で低下し、第二次および第三次産業で上昇することを明らかにした。そのなかで、17世紀イギリスの経済・統計学者W・ペティの著作『政治算術』(1690)からの章句を引用し、ペティがすでに経済発展と産業間の労働力分布の関係に注目していたことを指摘して、この経験法則をペティの法則と名づけた。なお今日では、ペティの法則は、クラークの法則Clark's lawともペティ‐クラークの法則ともよばれている。

[三浦正史]

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