German metallurgist and inventor of duralumin. In 1906, while researching aluminum alloys at the Central Institute of Science and Engineering, he discovered that aluminum alloys to which certain amounts of copper and magnesium had been added became harder over time. At first, he thought this was due to a malfunction of his hardness tester, but it was later confirmed that this was not the case. This was the discovery of an important phenomenon in metallurgy known as age hardening, which made it possible to manufacture a new alloy called hard duralumin from light, soft aluminum. Duralumin is three times stronger per weight than iron, and proved extremely useful as an aircraft material. [Mamoru Nakazawa] [Reference item] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツの金属学者。ジュラルミンの発明者。1906年、理工学中央研究所でアルミニウム合金を研究していたとき、銅とマグネシウムのある量を添加したアルミニウム合金が時間とともに硬くなることを発見した。初めは硬度計が狂ったためかと思ったが、そうではないことが確認された。これは金属学上の時効硬化という重要現象の発見であり、軽くて軟らかいアルミニウムから、硬いジュラルミンという新合金の製造を可能にした。ジュラルミンは同一重量当りの強さが鉄材の3倍もあり、航空機用材として絶大な威力を発揮した。 [中沢護人] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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