A legendary Jew who was destined to wander until the day of judgment. He mocked Jesus as he was led to the execution ground carrying the cross, telling him to go quickly. Jesus replied, "I am going, but you must wait until I return." There is a story that this Jew actually existed. His name was Ahasuerus the shoemaker, and a German bishop who met him in Hamburg in 1542 said that he had heard that he was an "eternal" man who had been punished by Jesus. Pamphlets about this story were widely circulated at the time. The English chronicler Roger of Wendover relates an even older legend. An Armenian archbishop who came to England in 1228 met a Jew who had mocked Jesus, who told him that he was Pilate's servant Cartapyrus, who later converted, was baptized, and changed his name to Joseph. There are other similar legends recorded. The legend of a restless wandering man, punished for eternity, aroused the interest of many writers in Europe, but it was especially popular with German Romantic poets such as Lenau, Chamisso, and AW Schlegel, among whom was Goethe. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
最後の審判の日まで放浪を続ける運命を負わされた伝説のユダヤ人。彼は十字架を背負って刑場へ引かれていくイエスを嘲笑して,「とっとと行け」といったのに対して,イエスは「私は行くが,お前は私が帰ってくるまで待っていなければならない」と答えたといわれる。そのユダヤ人が実在しているという話が残っている。それは靴屋のアハスエルスといい,1542年ハンブルクで彼に出会ったというドイツの司教は,彼がイエスの罰を受けた「永生の」人間であるというのを聞いたと伝えている。この話を記したパンフレットが当時広く行き渡った。イギリスの年代記作者ロジャー・オブ・ウェンドーバーはもっと古い伝説を伝えている。 1228年イギリスに来たアルメニアの大司教が,イエスを嘲笑したユダヤ人に会ったが,その男はピラトの召使カルタピルスで,のちに改宗して洗礼を受けヨセフと名を改めたと語ったという。同種の伝説は他にも記録されている。永遠の罰を受けて,休みなく放浪を続ける人間という伝説は,ヨーロッパ各国で多くの作家の興味を喚起したが,特にレーナウ,シャミッソー,A. W.シュレーゲルなどドイツ・ロマン派の詩人が好んで題材とした。ゲーテもその一人であった。
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