...In that respect, it is often used in contrast to deduction, which infers (reasons) more specific situations from more general situations. It was Aristotle who pointed out that there are two types of reasoning in human reasoning: deductive reasoning, which infers the general from the particular, and inductive inference, which infers the general from the particular, and that they have different characteristics. Since then, deduction and induction have been positioned and discussed as different methods of human reasoning. *Some terminology explanations that mention "inductive inference" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…その点で,より一般的な事態からより特殊的な事態を推理(推論)する演繹と対比的に用いられることが多い。人間の推理方法には,この二つの推理,すなわち,一般から特殊を導く演繹的推理と,特殊から一般を導く帰納的推理inductive inference(reasoning)が存在し,しかも,それらが異なる特徴をもつことを指摘したのはアリストテレスであった。以来,演繹と帰納は人間の異なる推理方法として位置づけられ,論じられてきた。… ※「inductive inference」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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