In addition to ions and electrons produced by ionization, plasma contains atoms and molecules with excited electronic energy, free radicals, and other active chemical species, which can induce chemical reactions. The field that uses plasma in chemical reactions in this way is called plasma chemistry. The plasma used in plasma chemistry has a lower temperature than nuclear fusion plasma, but it can be divided into thermal plasma (thermal equilibrium plasma), where the gas temperature is roughly equal to the plasma's electron temperature and is around 10,000 K, and low-temperature plasma (non-equilibrium plasma), where the gas temperature is lower than the electron temperature and is around 1000 K. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
プラズマ中には電離によって生じたイオンと電子のほか,電子エネルギーが励起された原子や分子,遊離基などが存在するので,これら活性な化学種によって化学反応を誘起することができる。このような形でプラズマを化学反応に利用する分野をプラズマ化学と呼ぶ。プラズマ化学で使われるのは核融合プラズマと比べれば温度が低いものであるが,気体温度がプラズマの電子温度にほぼ等しく1万K程度である熱プラズマ(熱平衡プラズマ)と,気体温度が電子温度より低く1000K前後である低温プラズマ(非平衡プラズマ)に分けられる。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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