Makarov, Stepan Osipovich

Japanese: マカロフ（英語表記）Makarov， Stepan Osipovich

Born: January 8, 1849 in Nikolaev
[Died] April 13, 1904.
Russian military officer and admiral. As a naval officer, he served in the Pacific, Baltic and Black Sea fleets, and made two circumnavigations of the world. He was the first to use torpedoes during the Russo-Turkish War (1877-78), and built and explored the Arctic Ocean with the icebreaker "Ermak." He contributed to the strengthening of the Russian Navy and the development of oceanography. He served as commander-in-chief of the Baltic Fleet in 1897 and the Kronshtadt naval port in 1899, and was appointed commander-in-chief of the Russian Pacific Fleet during the Russo-Japanese War. He shared the fate of his flagship, the "Petro Paulovsk," which sank after hitting a torpedo outside Port Arthur. He wrote many books on navigation, naval architecture, geography, and other subjects.

Makarov
Makarov

A port city in Sakhalin Oblast, Russia. It is located on the east coast of the south-central part of Sakhalin Island, overlooking Terpeni Bay. There are pulp and paper factories, fishery processing factories, etc., and coalfields are nearby. It is about 200 km north of the oblast capital, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, and is connected by rail and highways. It was formerly a Japanese territory, and is known as Shirutoru in Japan.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1849.1.8. ニコラエフ
[没]1904.4.13.
ロシアの軍人，提督。海軍士官として太平洋，バルト海，黒海艦隊などに勤務するかたわら，2度の世界周航を行い，露土戦争 (1877～78) では初めて魚雷を用い，北氷洋では砕氷船『エルマク』号を建造して探検するなど，ロシア海軍の強化と海洋学の発展に貢献した。 1897年バルチック艦隊，99年クロンシタット軍港の司令長官を経て，日露戦争に際しロシア太平洋艦隊長官に任じられ，旗艦『ペテロパウロフスク』が旅順港外で敷設水雷に触れて沈没したのと運命をともにした。航海，造船学，地理学などに関する著作多数を残した。