Humayun - Humayun (English spelling)

Japanese: フマーユーン - ふまーゆーん(英語表記)Humāyūn
Humayun - Humayun (English spelling)

The second emperor of the Mughal Empire in India (reigned 1530-40, 1555-56). He was the legitimate son of his father, Babur. He was an elegant and cultured man who liked Persian culture, but he lacked the ability to lead the nobles (warriors) who often tried to gain independence with his younger brothers. As a result, he lost Gujarat and Bengal, which he had conquered, and was defeated by the Afghan noble Sher Shah (founder of the Sur dynasty) in the battles of Chausa (1539) and Kanauj (1540) (1540), and after being exiled to Northwest India, he fled to Persia. This marked the end of the Mughal Empire for about 15 years. After winning a battle against his brother Kamran for control of Afghanistan and acquiring the ability to lead the nobles, he took advantage of the internal conflict within the Sur dynasty after the death of Sher Shah to recapture Delhi in 1555, but died suddenly in an accident the following year.

[Hiroshi Nagashima]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

インドのムガル帝国第2代の皇帝(在位1530~40、1555~56)。父帝バーブルの嫡子。ペルシア文化を好み優雅で教養ある人物であったが、彼の弟たちを擁してしばしば独立を企てる貴族(武将)たちを統率する力に欠けた。そのため自ら征服したグジャラートやベンガルを失い、チャウサ(1539)とカナウジ(1540)の戦いでアフガン豪族シェール・シャー(スール朝の創始者)に続けて大敗し(1540)、西北インドを流亡したのち、ペルシアに逃れた。ここに約15年間ムガル朝は中絶した。アフガニスタンの支配をめぐる弟カームラーンとの戦いに勝利し、貴族たちを統率する力を身につけた彼は、1555年、シェール・シャー死後のスール朝の内紛に乗じてデリーを奪回したが、翌年事故により急死した。

[長島 弘]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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