Policy to exile the people - Shimin Seisaku (English)

Japanese: 徙民政策 - しみんせいさく（英語表記）xǐ mín zhèng cè

A policy implemented by successive Chinese dynasties from time to time, which referred to the forced relocation of people to other places for specific political purposes. The people who were forced to relocate were called 'soumin'. The earliest example in history was when the Zhou dynasty moved the 'ganmin' (hardworking people) to the new capital of Luoyang after destroying the Yin dynasty. Other notable examples include when Gaozu of the Han dynasty moved the large clans of the six former states to Guanzhong, and when Emperor Wu of Han moved the heroes of the counties and states with wealth of over 3 million sen to Maoling. One purpose of this is to strengthen centralization by concentrating those with powers and economic power that the government should be wary of around the capital, but it can also be used to colonize occupied territories, as in the case of Emperor Wu of Han's establishment of the four counties of Hexi.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中国の歴代王朝がときに応じて行った政策で，一定の政治目的のために人民を強制的に他地に移住させることをいう。移住させられる民を徙民という。史上最も早い例は，周が殷を滅ぼしたのち，その〈頑民〉を新都洛陽に移した事例である。漢の高祖が旧六国の大族を関中に移し，武帝が郡国の豪傑で300万銭以上の資産家を茂陵に移した諸例も著名である。このように政権にとって警戒すべき勢力や経済力のある者を首都周辺に集中して中央集権を強化しようとするのが一つの目的であるが，漢の武帝の河西四郡設置のように，占領地における植民を目的とすることもある。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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