Martial Arts Beginners' Collection

Japanese: 武道初心集 - ぶどうしょしんしゅう
Martial Arts Beginners' Collection

A book of instruction and bushido. Three volumes, three books. Written by the military strategist Daidouji Yuzan (1639-1730). It was written in 1725 (Kyoho 10) during Yuzan's later years. The book is a detailed explanation of the basic attitude of a samurai and the essentials of daily self-improvement for the children of samurai. The original book consisted of 56 articles, and was only copied and read by a few people. In 1834 (Tenpo 5), Onda Kojun and Kamahara Kiriyama, elder retainers of the Matsushiro domain in Shinshu, revised it into 44 articles with the help of Confucian scholar Kobayashi Kido, and published it in November of the same year by Izumiya Kichibei in Edo. During the Tenpo Reforms, when the renewal of the samurai culture was considered an urgent need of the time, this version came to be widely disseminated to the general public under the name of the Matsushiro version. The distinctive feature of this Matsushiro version is that it deletes the Shinto-like expressions found in the original and the Sengoku samurai customs emphasized in the contemporary work "Hagakure," while at the same time harshly criticizing the bureaucratic and utilitarian tendencies of the samurai of the reigning era, and presents a way of life for samurai that could adapt to both times of peace and chaos.

[Ichiro Watanabe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

教訓、武士道書。3巻3冊。兵法家の大道寺友山(だいどうじゆうざん)(1639―1730)の著。述作年代は友山晩年の1725年(享保10)ころ。その内容は、武士の子弟のために、武士としての基本的な心構えや日常修身の要諦(ようてい)を懇切に説いたもので、原著は56か条からなり、一部の人々に伝写されて読まれたにとどまったが、1834年(天保5)信州松代(まつしろ)藩の家老恩田(おんだ)公準、鎌原桐山の両人が儒官小林畏堂の協力によって、44か条に刪修(さんしゅう)改編し、啓蒙(けいもう)書としての体裁を整え、同年11月江戸の和泉屋吉兵衛から出版した。ときに天保(てんぽう)の改革期にあたり、士風の刷新が時代の急務とされたため、松代版の名で広く一般に普及するに至った。この松代版の特色は、原著にみられる神道(しんとう)的な表現や、同時代の『葉隠(はがくれ)』に強調された戦国武士的な遺習などはこれを削除し、一方、治世の武士たちの官僚的・功利的傾向にも厳しい批判を加え、治乱両様に対応できる武士の日常のあり方を提示している。

[渡邉一郎]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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