Fujiwara no Munetada

He was a nobleman in the late Heian period. His father was Gon Dainagon Munetoshi. His mother was the daughter of Shikibu no Taifu Fujiwara Sanetsuna. Like a nobleman, he was initially promoted to the ranks of chamberlain, Ushosho, and Sashosho through the Konoefu route, but after being directly appointed Uchūben in 1094 (Kaho 1), he switched to promotion through the Benkan route. This is thought to be due to his connection with his mother's Hino branch Fujiwara clan, famous for their Confucianism, but because he was well versed in the affairs of the Imperial Court, he became a political advisor to Kanpaku Fujiwara Tadazane, and was also highly valued by Emperor Shirakawa and Emperor Horikawa. However, even under the Shirakawa and Toba cloistered rule, he had a strong desire to see the Fujiwara regent family prosper, and his diary, "Chuyuki," suggests that he was opposed to the cloistered aides and cloistered rule. Perhaps for this reason, his promotion in rank was slow, and he was appointed Udaijin in December 1136 (Hōen 2), when he was already 75 years old, just like his grandfather Toshiie and great-grandfather Yorimune (the second son of the Grand Minister of State Michinaga). From 1105 (Chōji 2), he lived at Nakamikado Tominokoji residence, and was later called Nakamikado Udaijin. Even into his later years, he often visited Hino's Hokaiji Temple, where he built and maintained the tower and Amida Hall. He also excelled in reciting poetry, and together with Tadazane he contributed to its development by selecting the "Ninety Poems of Reciting Poems."

[Maki Michio]

"Toda Yoshimi, "Chuu-u-ki: Portraits of the Insei Era in Dynamic Style" (1979, Soshiete)" ▽ "Kono Fusao, "Ufu Fujiwara no Munetada and Hino Hokkeji Temple" (1979, Kogado)" ▽ "Aoyagi Takashi, "Japanese Recitation History: Research" (1999, Kasama Shoin)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安後期の公卿(くぎょう)。父は権大納言(ごんのだいなごん)宗俊(むねとし)。母は式部大輔(しきぶのたいふ)藤原実綱(さねつな)の娘。当初は名門貴族らしく侍従(じじゅう)、右少将(うしょうしょう)、左少将と近衛府(このえふ)ルートで官位の昇進をみたが、1094年（嘉保1）に右中弁(うちゅうべん)に直任されてからは弁官ルートでの昇進に転換。この背景には、母方の儒家として著名な日野(ひの)流藤原氏との関係があるとみられるが、朝廷の公事(くじ)に精通していたため、関白藤原忠実(ただざね)の政治顧問となり、また白河法皇や堀河天皇からも重用された。しかし、白河・鳥羽院政下にあっても、藤原摂関家の繁栄を期する願望は強く、院近臣(いんのきんしん)および院政に対する反発のあったことは、その日記『中右記(ちゅうゆうき)』からうかがわれる。そのためか、官位昇進のスピードはゆるやかで、祖父俊家(としいえ)、曾祖父頼宗(よりむね)（太政大臣道長の次男）と同じ右大臣に任ぜられたのは、1136年（保延2）12月のことで、すでに75歳に達してからであった。1105年（長治2）以降、中御門富小路(なかみかどとみのこうじ)邸に住んだことから、後世、中御門右大臣と称される。晩年に至るまで日野の法界寺(ほうかいじ)をしばしば訪れ、その塔や阿弥陀堂などを建立・供養している。また、朗詠(ろうえい)を得意とし、忠実とともに『朗詠九十首』を選定するなど、その発展にも貢献した。

［槇　道雄］

『戸田芳実著『中右記　躍動する院政時代の群像』（1979・そしえて）』▽『河野房男著『右府藤原宗忠と日野法界寺』（1979・広雅堂）』▽『青柳隆志著『日本朗詠史　研究篇』（1999・笠間書院）』

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