Parentage test - Oyakokanbetsu

Japanese: 親子鑑別 - おやこかんべつ

Also called paternity testing. Determining whether or not there is a biological parent-child relationship between specific people. Usually, paternity testing is done, but sometimes mother-child testing is necessary, such as in cases of swapping babies at maternity hospitals. Obstetric tests such as the male's fertility, the female's fertility, and the relationship between sexual intercourse and pregnancy period are also important, but the main focus is on investigating the genetic relationships of various human characteristics. The most representative of these are tests of various blood types, such as the ABO and MN types, for which the laws of inheritance have been confirmed. If any relationship that contradicts the laws of inheritance is found, the parent-child relationship is denied. Of course, even if no contradictions are found, the parent-child relationship cannot be affirmed. Due to the rapid advances in blood typing, the proportion of blood type testing in parent-child testing is becoming increasingly important. Other test results for genetic characteristics such as bone structure, facial features, earwax dryness/wetness, taste blindness, fingerprints, and palm prints are also used as information for the overall judgment.
→ Related items Palm print | DNA testing | Forensic medicine

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

親子鑑定ともいう。特定の人たちの間の生物学的な親子関係の有無を判定すること。普通は父子鑑別であるが，産院の取替児事件のように母子鑑別の必要なこともある。男性の授精能力，女性の受胎分娩(ぶんべん)能力，両者の性交と妊娠期間の関係などの産科学的検査も問題となるが，人体諸形質の遺伝関係の調査が中心的に行われる。そのうち最も代表的なものは，ABO式，MN式など遺伝法則の確認されている各種血液型の検査で，一つでも遺伝法則に反する関係が見出されれば，親子関係は否定される。もちろん，それによって矛盾が見出されなかった場合でも，親子関係を積極的に肯定することはできない。血液型学の急速な進歩によって，親子鑑別における血液型検査の比重はますます大きくなりつつある。その他骨格，顔面の諸特徴，耳垢(じこう)の乾湿，味盲，指紋，掌紋などの遺伝形質の検査結果も総合判定の資料とされる。
→関連項目掌紋｜DNA鑑定｜法医学

出典　株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて　情報

<<: Parent-child contract - Oyakokeiyaku

>>: Parent and child - Oyako