Fontana, Carlo

Japanese: フォンタナ(英語表記)Fontana, Carlo
Fontana, Carlo
Born: 1638. Burchiate
Died February 5, 1714. Rome. A leader in Roman architecture in late Italian Baroque. He worked mainly in Rome under P. Cortona and C. Rainaldi. In the 1660s and 1670s he was particularly active as an assistant to G. Bernini, completing the Basilica of Santa Maria dei Miracoli in Piazza del Popolo. In 1667 he became a member of the Academy of San Luca in Rome. In the 1690s he was appointed Superintendent of Architecture for St. Peter's Basilica, and planned the expansion of the square designed by Bernini. He also mentored J. Fischer von Erlach, J. Hildebrand, and J. Gibbs, and had a great influence on Baroque architecture in England and Austria through his many writings, including Templum Vaticanum (1694). His works include the Ignatius University of Loyola (81, Loyola), the façade of San Marcello al Corso (c. 83), the Basilica of Santa Maria in Valle and the Cibo Chapel of Santa Maria del Popolo (83-87).

Fontana
Fontana, Lucio

Born: February 19, 1899 in Santa Fe
Died September 7, 1968. Milan. Italian sculptor born in Argentina. Born to Italian parents, he studied sculpture at the Brera Academy of Fine Arts in Milan, and joined the Abstraction Création group in Paris in 1934. In 1939, he produced his White Manifesto in Buenos Aires, Argentina. In 1946, he returned to Milan and formed the Space Group, advocating spatialism. He produced environmental works using light, such as hanging curved neon tubes from the ceiling, and abstract works that explored the relationship between positive and negative in plastic space, such as slicing the surface of the painting with a blade or creating cracks in a sphere. Most of his works from 1949 onwards were titled "Concept of Space" (Ohara Museum of Art and others). He had a great influence on young Italian artists.

Fontana
Fontana, Domenico

[Born] 1543. Maryde
[Died] 1607. Neapolitan architect. As the architect of Pope Sixtus V, he planned the city of Rome, which became the foundation of the present city. He built the roads that directly connected the famous churches of Rome, the Aqua Felice waterworks (1587), the Quattro Fontana fountain, the Palazzo Laterano (86), the Library of the Vatican (87-90), and other buildings. He also moved the obelisk from the site of Nero's Circus to St. Peter's Square (86). He also completed the dome of St. Peter's Basilica with G. Porta (88-90). In 1592, he was driven out of Rome by Pope Clement VIII and moved to Naples, where he worked as a royal architect, working on the Royal Palace of Naples (1600-02), among others.

Fontana
Fontana, Prospero

Born: 1512. Bologna
[Died] 1597. Italian painter from Bologna. After studying under I. Imola, he served as assistant to P. Vaga, G. Vasari, and T. Zuccari in Genoa, Florence, and Rome, and followed the Mannerist style. After 1540, he settled in Bologna, and around 1560, he worked under F. Primaticcio at Fontainebleau. His work is "St. Alessio" (1576, San Giacomo Maggiore, Bologna). His daughter Lavinia (1552-1614) was also famous as a portrait painter and was the court painter of Pope Gregory VIII.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1638. ブルチアーテ
[没]1714.2.5. ローマ
イタリア後期バロックのローマ派建築の指導者。 P.コルトナ,C.ライナルディにつき,おもにローマで仕事をした。 1660~70年代には特に G.ベルニーニの助手として活躍,ポポロ広場のサンタ・マリア・デイ・ミラーコリ聖堂などを完成。 1667年,ローマのサン・ルカのアカデミア会員。 90年代にはサン・ピエトロ大聖堂の建築総監に任命され,ベルニーニ設計の広場拡張などを計画。かたわら J.フィッシャー・フォン・エルラハ,J.ヒルデブラント,J.ギブズらを育て,また『バチカンの聖堂』 Templum Vaticanum (1694) など多くの著述を通じて,イギリスやオーストリアのバロック建築に大きな影響を与えた。作品はイグナチウス・デ・ロヨラ大学 (81,ロヨラ) ,サン・マルチェロ・アル・コルソ聖堂のファサード (83頃) ,バレのサンタ・マリア聖堂,サンタ・マリア・デル・ポポロ聖堂のチボ礼拝堂 (83~87) など。

フォンタナ
Fontana, Lucio

[生]1899.2.19. サンタフェ
[没]1968.9.7. ミラノ
アルゼンチン出身のイタリアの彫刻家。イタリア人の両親のもとに生まれ,ミラノのブレラ美術学校で彫刻を学んで,1934年からパリの「アブストラクシオン・クレアシオン」グループに参加。 1939年アルゼンチンのブエノスアイレスで「白の宣言」を発表。 1946年ミラノへ帰り,空間主義を唱えて空間派を結成。曲線状のネオン管を天井につるすといった,光による環境的作品を発表し,画面を刃物で切り裂いたり,球体に裂け目をつくるなど,造形空間における正と負の関係を追究した抽象作品を制作。 1949年以降の作品のほとんどは『空間概念』 (大原美術館ほか) と名づけられた。イタリアの若い美術家に与えた影響が大きい。

フォンタナ
Fontana, Domenico

[生]1543. メリーデ
[没]1607. ナポリ
イタリアの建築家。教皇シクスツス5世の建築家として,現在のローマ市の基礎となるローマの都市計画を立て,ローマの有名な聖堂間を直結する道路,水道アクア・フェリーチェ (1587) ,噴水カトロ・フォンタナ,パラッツォ・ラテラーノ (86) ,バチカン宮殿の図書館 (87~90) などを建設したほか,ネロ帝の競技場跡からサン・ピエトロ広場にオベリスクの移建を行なった (86) 。また G.ポルタとともにサン・ピエトロ大聖堂のドームを完成 (88~90) 。 1592年教皇クレメンス8世にローマを追われナポリに移住し王室建築家として活躍,ナポリ王宮 (1600~02) などを手がけた。

フォンタナ
Fontana, Prospero

[生]1512. ボローニャ
[没]1597. ボローニャ
イタリアの画家。 I.イーモラに学んだのち,ジェノバ,フィレンツェ,ローマで P.バーガ,G.バザーリ,T.ツッカーリの助手をつとめ,マニエリスムの作風を踏襲。 1540年以降ボローニャに定住,60年頃フォンテンブローで F.プリマティッチオのもとで働いた。作品『聖アレスシオ』 (1576,ボローニャ,サン・ジャコモ・マジョーレ) 。また娘のラビーニア (52~1614) は肖像画家として有名で,教皇グレゴリウス8世の宮廷画家。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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